论文总字数:20764字
摘 要
在历史的长河中,人类征服自然的能力与日俱增。这种大规模的改造促使人类社会自十九世纪开始,便保持着迅猛发展的势头。然而,这种以牺牲自然为代价的不友好型经济增长方式遭到了自然的反击,全球环境日益恶化。环境污染问题引起了广泛关注,为了改善这一现象,越来越多的人投入经济环境可持续发展的探索之中,税收征管是目前有效解决部分环境问题的方法之一。我国是目前世界上最大的发展中国家,经济和环境两方面的基础都远远落后于世界上大部分国家,而是深受过去粗放型发展模式的影响,我国的问题越来越严重。
关键词:环境问题;可持续发展;长三角地区;环境税
Study on the influence of environmental tax collection on the sustainable development of the Yangtze River Delta region
Abstract
Since nineteenth Century, along with the transformation of human nature and natural ability to conquer the unceasing enhancement, human society has entered a period of rapid development. However, in spite of the natural capacity of the traditional model of economic development has caused the natural retaliation, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious. To solve this problem, people began a new exploration, gradually formed the sustainable development strategy of the new, and try to use tax means to solve some environmental problems under the condition of sustainable development. As the world"s largest developing country, China"s environmental and economic basis are relatively weak, but not the original due to the extensive mode of economic growth has been a fundamental change in the environment deteriorates. Time, the optimization of environmental management, improve the quality of the environment, our country also has a lot of research and practice of environmental policy in the, But the system, comprehensively discusses environmental tax in this role, there is a lack of current environmental policy instruments is not obvious. Based on the reality of the environmental problems and the practices of environmental tax for China"s Yangtze River Delta region sustainable development condition and design thinking of the Yangtze River Delta region sustainable development under the condition of environmental tax practice ideas. Explore environmental taxes levied on the Yangtze River Delta region sustainable development research, and respected in the Yangtze River Delta region of China"s current use of environmental tax part of the environment to solve the problem.
Key words:environmental problems;sustainable development; the Yangtze River Delta region; environmental tax
目录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………1
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………..2
第一章 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………4
1.1 研究背景及意义…………………………………………………………………….4
1.1.1 研究背景……………………………………………………………………..4
1.1.2 研究的意义……………………………………………..…………………………4
1.2 研究的方法和内容………………………………………………….………………4
第二章 文献综述……………………………………………………………………………6
2.1国外环境税的发展…………………………………………………………………..6
2.2长三角地区可持续发展概况………………………………………………………..6
2.3征收环境税对经济和污染的影响…………………………………………………..7
第三章 环境政策与其他环境补贴政策效应分析……………………………………...….8
3.1本国政府只使用环境税政策………………………………………………………..8
3.2本国政府结合使用环境税环境补贴政策…………………………………………..9
3.3结论…………………………………………………………………………………..9
第四章 长三角地区环境税制的实践……………………………………………………..10
4.1经济效应……………………………………………………………………………10
4.1.1环境税收的价格效应………………………..……………………………….10
4.1.2环境税收的产出效应………………………………………………………...10
4.1.3环境税税收的替代效应……………………………………………………...10
4.2环境税征收对长三角地区可持续发展的影响……………………………………10
4.2.1促进节能减排,切实解决环境问题………………………………………...10
4.2.2推动低碳经济,转变经济发展方式………………………………………...11
4.2.3淘汰落后产能,产业结构优化升级………………………………………...11
4.2.4增加税收收入,筹集环保专项资金………………………………………...11
4.2.5调节企业行为,推动环保科技创新…………………………………………12
4.2.6推进清洁能源,改变能源消费结构………………………………………....12
4.2.7提升环保意识,培育和谐城市文化………………………………………...12
4.2.8短期抑制经济增长,存在负面影响…………………………………………13
第五章 环境税的实施难点和策略………………………………………………………14
5.1环境税在实际应用中的难点……………………………………………………..14
5.1.1环境税的理论基础在现实中难以实现…………………………………….14
5.1.2环境税的消极影响………………………………………………………….14
5.1.3环境税的专款专用问题…………………………………………………….15
5.2长三角地区征收环境税的策略…………………………………………………..15
5.2.1实施税制绿色化…………………………………………………………….15
5.2.2征收水平合理确定………………………………………………………….16
5.2.3税收手段与其他经济手段结合,形成合力,取长补短,共同维护环境.16
5.2.4其他措施…………………………………………………………………...16
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………..17
参考文献(References)…………………………………………………………………….18
第一章 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
1.1.1 研究背景
近年来,我国政府在改善环境问题和改良环境监管等方面进行了大量探索,并切实实行了一些可控可操作的宏观政策,却很少涉及征收环境税对改善环境问题的研究,而当前保护环境改善污染的方针措施也没有起到明显的效果。在综合考量了长三角地区征收环境税的可操控性和以环境可持续发展为前提的现有问题等因素后,设计制定了我国长三角地区基于环境可持续发展的以环境问题为征税标的的实际操作方式方法。探讨环境税征收对长三角地区可持续发展影响的研究,也推崇在我国长三角地区当前运用环境税来解决部分环境问题。
对企业征收环境税不仅可以推动经济的现实可持续发展,还能够在很大程度上促进我国现有经济增长模式的转变以及降低企业污染物的排放量。作为我国城市化程度最高和经济增长速度最快的长三角地区,近年来因为其迅猛增长的经济与经济高速发展造成的环境恶化问题的冲突日趋加深,受到了政府的高度重视。
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