论文总字数：33340字

摘 要

本设计的内容是餐厨垃圾与脱水污泥混合厌氧发酵沼气工程。处理厂收集的有机固体废物,如果不经妥善处理就排放到自然界中，将产生二次污染，危害人类与城市环境。因此，应根据相关环保法规的要求进行处理后达标排放。

实际上，国内对脱水污泥处置已有不少研究，目前常用的处理方法主要是沼气化处理工艺。考虑到本项目脱水污泥的有机物含量较低，而餐厨垃圾有机物含量高，遂将二者混合进行厌氧发酵。

经过稀释的脱水污泥首先进行水热前处理，再与经破碎稀释的餐厨垃圾按一定总固体比例混合，进入完全混合厌氧反应器。完全混合厌氧反应器的操作温度稳定在50-57度，反应器内原料相互混合，并与接种污泥中的厌氧微生物通过机械搅拌装置充分接触，高效产沼。沼气作为热电联产原料以生产蒸汽、热能与电力，蒸汽可进行原料加热，电力和热能可满足工厂生产生活需要。沼液外运处理。

本设计脱水污泥排放量为30000kg-wet/日，TS浓度为150g-TS/kg-wt，VS/TS 为60%，COD浓度为100g/kg-wet，TN浓度为2.0g-N/wet，氨氮浓度为0.2g-N/wet；餐厨垃圾排放量为15000kg-wet/日，TS浓度为100g-TS/kg-wt，VS/TS 为90%，COD浓度为150g/kg-wet，TN浓度为10.0g-N/wet，氨氮浓度为0.4g-N/wet；

本设计对主要设备完全混合式厌氧消化器、混合池、热水解罐、管道系统等进行了设备计算，并对其他配套设备进行了选型。

设备布置及部分设备详图参见图纸，本设计附A3图纸8张。

关键词：脱水污泥；餐厨垃圾；完全混和式厌氧消化器；沼气；混合厌氧发酵。

Abstract

The content of this graduation design is a project design which transformed dehydrated sludge mixed with food waste to methane in the way of anaerobic fermentation. If not properly treated, the organic solid wastes collected by the sewage sludge treatment plant including dehydrated sludge and food waste which are discharged into nature ,will result in severe secondary pollution in groundwater, surface water and air and bring great harm to environmental and human health. Therefore, wastes should be treated and then discharged on condition that up to the standards of the relevant environmental regulations in accordance with the requirements.

In fact, there has been many researches and applications in domestic disposals of dehydrated sludge, the current commonly used treatment methods mainly use anaerobic digestion biogas treatment process. Considering the low content of organic matter in dehydrated sludge while food waste is rich in organic matter, the project uses sludge and urban organic waste mixing anaerobic fermentation process.

After the hydrothermal treatment, the diluted dehydrated sludge is mixed with food waste, which is under crack treatment and is disinfected and diluted, by a certain total solid ratio. Then they access the completely mixed anaerobic reaction for thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion. The operating temperature of the completely mixed anaerobic reactor is stabilized at 50-57 degrees. Raw materials are mixed and fully in contact with the anaerobic microorganisms in the inoculated sludge through the mechanical stirring device, producing biogas efficiently. Biogas sets for cogeneration to produce electricity and steam, steam is used for heating raw materials and electricity and heat are provided to the factory for production and living needs. Biogas slurry will delivery for further disposal and discharge to the sewer pipe network when up to standard.

The design of dehydrated sludge is 30000kg-wet / day. TS concentration is 150g-TS / kg-wt. VS / TS is 60%. COD concentration is 100g / kg-wet. TN concentration is 2.0g-N / wet. Ammonia concentration is 0.2g-N / wet.

The design of food waste is 15000kg-wet / day. TS concentration is 100g-TS / kg-wt. VS / TS is 90%. COD concentration is 150g / kg-wet. TN concentration is 10.0 g-N / wet. Ammonia nitrogen concentration is 0.4g-N / wet;

The main equipment of this design are completely mixed anaerobic reaction, mixing pool, grille, hot water cans, feeding pool, pipeline system, and so on. All of these equipments and corollary equipments are calculated and lectotyped in this graduation design.

Equipment layout and part of the equipment maps are referenced the drawings. This design contains seven A3 drawings.

KEY WORDS: Dehydrated sludge；Food waste；Completely mixed anaerobic reaction；Biogas；Anaerobic co-digestion.

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 项目概述 1

1.2 编制依据 1

1.3技术要求 1

1.4 编制范围 1

1.5采用的规范与标准 1

第二章 工艺设计 3

2.1设计原则 3

2.2设计原始资料 3

2.3 验收标准 4

2.4工艺选择 4

2.4.1脱水污泥与餐厨垃圾的混合厌氧发酵 4

2.4.2 沼气化工程处理工艺 6

2.4.3 沼液处理技术 9

2.4.4 沼气利用工程 9

第三章 主要构筑物及设备设计 10

3.1混合厌氧消化沼气产生量计算 10

3.1.1脱水污泥的甲烷气体产生量 10

3.1.2餐厨垃圾的沼气产生量 11

3.1.3混合厌氧消化的沼气产生量 11

3.1.5沼气重量（Q6，kg/日）的计算 11

3.2物料平衡计算 12

3.2.1 脱水污泥的计算 12

3.2.2 循环液的计算 12

3.2.3混合池①的出料 12

3.2.4 热水解池出料 12

3.3系统氨氮的物料平衡 13

3.3.1 氨氮物料平衡公式： 13

3.4混合池①的设计计算 14

3.5潜污泵(混合池)的选型 15

3.6热水解池的设计计算 15

3.6.1所需热量计算 15

3.7潜污泵(热水解池)的选型 16

3.8混合池②的设计计算 16

3.9完全混合式厌氧消化器 17

3.9.1容积计算 17

3.9.2所需热量计算 17

3.9.3进水水质计算 19

3.9.4完全混合式厌氧消化器的运行时间控制 19

3.10沼气净化工艺 20

3.11沼气储存工艺 20

3.12沼气发电系统 20

3.13污泥脱水机房 21

3.13.1设计说明 21

3.13.2设计计算 21

3.13.3污泥脱水机房设备选择 22

3.14 氨气吹脱工艺的设计计算 23

3.14.1方案设计依据： 23

第四章 平面布置 25

4.1布置原则 25

4.2沼气站布置 25

第五章 高程布置 26

5.1布置原则 26

5.2阻力损失与高程布置 26

第六章 结构设计说明 29

6.1 设计依据 29

6.2 设计说明 29

6.2.1完全混合式厌氧消化器 29

6.2.2水热处理池 29

6.2.3脱硫脱水间、配电室、发电机房 29

第七章 电气说明 30

7.1 设计依据 30

7.2 设计原则 30

7.3 设计说明 30

7.3.1供电设计 30

7.3.2照明设计 30

7.3.3防雷、接地和消防 30

第八章 工程投资概算 31

8.1 编制范围 31

8.2 编制依据 31

8.3 分项概算 31

8.3.1土建工程 31

8.3.2仪器设备 32

8.3.3工程建设其他费 34

8.3.4基本预备费 35

第九章 效益分析 36

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