论文总字数:14866字
摘 要
论文以凹凸棒土/g-C3N4薄层材料为载体,采用原位沉淀法和水热法分别在其表面引入不同比例的BiOX (X= Cl, Br, I)纳米材料,合成ATP/g-C3N4-BiOX (X=Cl,Br,I)-Y%复合光催化材料(Y=ATP/g-C3N4占复合材料的质量百分数)。研究了ATP/g-C3N4不同掺杂比、不同卤素元素对光催化材料性能的影响,同时对该材料的结构和物化性能进行表征。选择罗丹明B (RhB) 水溶液作为降解体系,来研究其光催化性能。研究发现,ATP/g-C3N4-BiOX (X=Cl,Br,I)-Y%复合材料的光催化性能显著提高,其中当Y=25%,X=Cl时,其光催化材料的性能最优异,降解率可达97%,并且对样品进行了多次循环测试,降解率仍可保持92.4%,说明该复合材料光催化性能稳定性好且易回收。最后通过自由基捕获,表明在光催化反应过程中主要活性中间体为•O2−。关键词: 凹凸棒土,类石墨相氮化碳,卤氧化铋,可见光催化降解
Abstract:In this paper, attapulgite/g-C3N4 thin layer material was used as carrier, and different proportions of BiOX (X=Cl, Br, I) were introduced onto its surface to synthesize ATP/g-C3N4-BiOX (X=Cl, Br, I)-Y% composite photocatalyst (Y=ATP/g-C3N4 accounts for the mass percentage of the composite) by in situ precipitation and hydrothermal method. The effects of different doping ratios and different halogen elements of ATP/g-C3N4 on the properties of photocatalytic materials were studied, and the structure and physicochemical properties of the materials were characterized. Rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution was selected as the degradation system to study its photocatalytic performance. It is found that the photocatalytic performance of ATP/g-C3N4-BiOX (X=Cl, Br, I)-Y% composites is significantly improved, and when Y=25%, X=Cl, the performance of photocatalytic materials is the best, the degradation rate can reach to 97%, and the sample has been tested for many times, the degradation rate can still be maintained at 92.4%, indicating that the composite photocatalytic performance is stable and easy to recycle. Finally, by free radical trapping, it is shown that the main active intermediate in the photocatalytic reaction is •O2−.
Keywords: Attapulgite, Graphite-like carbon nitride, Bismuth halide oxide, Visible light catalysis
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 对ATP/g-C3N4可见光催化剂的研究 2
1.3 BiOX(X=Cl,Br,I)的引入 2
1.4 本课题研究内容 2
2 实验部分 2
2.1 实验试剂与仪器 2
2.2 ATP/g-C3N4-BiOX(X=Cl,Br,I)-Y%光催化剂的制备 3
2.3 光催化性能测试 4
2.4 表征仪器与方法 5
3 实验结果与讨论 5
3.1 结构与形貌分析 5
3.1.1 XRD谱图分析 6
3.1.2红外图谱分析...................................................................................................8
3.1.3扫描电镜图分析.............................................................................................10
3.1.4 N2吸附-脱附曲线分析 11
3.1.5 紫外-可见漫反射光谱分析 13
3.2 ATP/g-C3N4-BiOX(X=Cl,Br,I)-Y%光催化性能的研究 16
3.3 ATP/g-C3N4-BiOX(X=Cl,Br,I)-25%光催化机理的探讨 20
结论 22
参考文献 23
致谢 25
附录 26
1 绪论
1.1 引言
随着现代工农业的发展,环境污染与恶化愈加严重,例如一些有机污染物如芳烃、农药等常以低浓度存在于空气、水、土壤中,一些动植物吸入后,会对它们造成不同程度的伤害[1-4]。最常用的处理污染物的方法主要包括生物处理、吸附作用和光解作用等,然而一些传统处理方法通常存在降解率低、降解不完全、有新污染物生成的问题[5-6],因此从环保和现实需求的角度来说,急需开发新型高效的降解方法和材料。
近年来,光催化剂在解决能源和环境问题方面应用十分广泛,例如光解水、降解污染物等。紫外光在太阳辐射中只约占3%~5%,然而,可见光在太阳辐射中占了大约43%。因此,为了能更好的利用太阳光,可见光催化剂引起了广泛研究。因此,太阳能的高效利用成为了该领域的研究热点,光催化降解机理如图1[7]所示。
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