论文总字数：12350字

摘 要

三月的春季，生长着美称“护生草”的荠菜，有名言这样说道：三月初三的日子，有一味灵丹妙药即荠菜。这种十字花科荠属植物具备鲜美可口的食用性和功能丰富的药用性、能够保持和增进人体身心健康的强大功效，引起研究者对该植物的高度关注。据研究报道，荠菜中含有丰富的有机酸、黄酮类、生物碱、酚类和多糖等化学物质，其药理作用主要有清热解毒、凉血消肿、防治高血压、收缩子宫和抗炎利尿等功效。荠菜由于具有鲜嫩、营养价值高、风味独特、无污染等优点受到人们的青睐，笔者总结了国内外有关荠菜研究文献，对其化学成分、药理作用、营养价值及资源的开发利用进行了综述，荠菜具有极大的潜力和更广阔的前景。

关键词：荠菜，化学成分，药理作用，营养价值

Abstract:In the spring of march, the growth of a good name "protect the health of the grass" shepherd"s purse, there is a famous saying: the third day of march, a blind panacea is shepherd"s purse. This kind of cruciferous camelina plant has delicious and delicious edible and rich medicinal function, can maintain and improve the human body and mind health powerful effect, cause researchers to pay close attention to this plant. According to research reports, shepherd"s purse is rich in organic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols and polysaccharides and other chemical substances , its pharmacological effects are mainly qingrejiedu, cool blood detumescence, prevention and treatment of hypertension, contractive uterus and anti-inflammatory diuresis and other efficacy. Shepherd"s purse is favored by people because of its fresh and tender, high nutritional value, unique flavor, pollution-free and other advantages , the author summarized the domestic and foreign literature about shepherd"s purse, its chemical composition, pharmacological action, nutritional value and resource development and utilization were summarized, shepherd"s purse has great potential and broader prospects.

KeyWords:Shepherd "s-purse, chemical composition, pharmacological action, nutritional value

目录

前言 5

1荠菜的化学成分研究 6

1 1黄酮类化合物 6

1.2有机酸 8

1.3多糖 9

1.4总生物碱 10

1.5酚类及其它成分 10

2荠菜的药理作用研究 11

2.1降血压作用 11

2.2抗炎止血作用 11

2.3抗氧化抗病毒作用 12

3荠菜的营养价值及开发利用 14

3.1测定营养成分 14

3.2营养价值及保健功效 14

3.3发展趋势与前景展望 15

结论 16

参考文献 17

致 谢 18

前言

伴随国民生活质量的极大提升，对果品蔬菜品种的多样化、营养价值含量高低、保健功效是否显著、绿色安全等方面有极大的要求^[1]。本身独有的无污染、丰富的营养成分、可口的食用感，逐渐备受国民群众的好评。其中荠菜(Capsellabursa．Pastoris)尤为突出。