论文总字数：16117字

摘 要

有机电致发光器件是科学界的研究热点,有着非常好的未来。有机电致发光材料能满足人们的所有要求，例如自发光、便捷、反应迅速、大视觉、显示屏幕大、可由低压直流电激发、工艺方便、低功耗、材料便宜，还能实现显示器可变形可弯曲等优点，因此OLED也被誉为最理想和最具发展性的下一代显示技术。要让现存的电致发光技术成为市场上的主流产品，除了提高生产技术和革新机器的构造外，还需要新一代的高性能、低成本的有机电致发光材料的设计合成。与传统的电致荧光器件相比，金属配合物成为客体的主题材料，荧光器的最大内量子效率明显提高。理论上，有机材料的三线态和单线态之间的能级差与反向隙间窜越成负相关，即能极差越小，反向隙间窜越越容易发生，而我们熟知的热激活延迟荧光 (TADF) 材料就是应用了这个原理。目前，热激活延迟荧光材料的反向隙间窜越甚至可达到100%，这引起科学界的重视。因为TADF分子的设计复杂，必须让我们合成的分子拥有比较小的单三线态能级差，则需使分子的 HOMO轨道和LUMO轨道尽可能的分离，这样就会造成荧光量子率低。激基复合物材料恰好处理了这个问题。激基复合物就是说在光的激发下形成的激发态电荷转移，激基复合物有着TADF的所有优点，而且还省去了复杂的工艺和费用。所以激基复合物的合成就具有重大的意义。

本文首先综述了有机电致发光的研究历史，针对激基复合物材料缺乏的问题，以TPACz-Br和PhTrz-OH为原料设计合成了一类新的单分子激基复合物材料TPACz-PhTrz，通过核磁氢谱鉴定了分子结构，并研究了目标分子的紫外-可见吸收和荧光光谱等基本光物理行为。

关键词：热激活延迟荧光；激基复合物；紫外；荧光

Synthesis and Properties of Single Molecule Exciter Complex

Abstract

Organic electroluminescent devices (oleds) are a research hotspot in the scientific community and have a very good future. Organic electroluminescent material can meet all the requirements of people, such as spontaneous light, convenient, quick, great vision, display screen, can be made of low voltage dc excitation, easy process, low power consumption, cheap material, also can realize the monitor deformable advantages of flexible, so OLED is also known as the most ideal and developing the next generation display technology. In order to make the existing electroluminescent technology become the mainstream product in the market, besides improving the production technology and innovating the construction of machines, the design and synthesis of a new generation of high-performance and low-cost organic electroluminescent materials is also needed. Compared with the traditional electrofluorescence devices, the metal complexes become the subject material of the object, and the maximum internal quantum efficiency of the fluorescer is obviously improved. Theoretically, the energy level difference between the trifilar and singlet states of organic materials is negatively correlated with the reverse gap channeling, that is, the smaller the energy range is, the more likely the reverse gap channeling is to occur, and the well-known thermal activation delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials apply this principle. At present, the reverse gap of the thermal activated delayed fluorescence material can even reach 100%, which has attracted the attention of the scientific community. Because of the complex design of TADF molecule, we must make the synthesized molecule have a relatively small single-third-line energy level difference, and then separate the HOMO orbital and LUMO orbital of the molecule as far as possible, thus resulting in a low fluorescence quantum rate. Excimer complex materials deal with this problem exactly. The excimer complex is the charge transfer in the excited state formed by the excitation of light. The excimer complex has all the advantages of TADF and eliminates the need for complex processes and costs. So the synthesis of the excited-group complex is of great significance

Firstly, the research history of organic electroluminescence is reviewed in this paper.. The molecular structure is identified by nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy, and the basic photophysical behaviors of target molecules, such as ultraviolet-visible absorption and fluorescence spectra, are studied.

Key words: thermally activated delayed fluorescence; Exciplex; Ultraviolet; Fluorescence

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 有机电致发光材料的研究意义 1

1.3有机电致发光的原理 2

1.3.1 OLED 的器件结构和其工作原理 2

1.4有机电致发光主体材料 3

1.4.1 空穴传输材料 3

1.4.2 电子传输材料 3

1.4.3 双极传输型主体材料 4

1.5 基于激基复合物的有机电致发光器件简介 5

1.5.1激基复合物的发展历程 5

1.5.2 激基复合物主体材料 5

1.5.3 激基复合物发光原理 7

第二章 TPACz-PhTrz的合成及性能研究 8

2.1引言 8

2.2 实验部分 8

2.3合成路线 8

2.4实验过程 8

2.5 TPACz-PhTrz的性能研究 9

2.5.1 TPACz-PhTrz的核磁共振氢谱 9

2.5.2 TPACz-PhTrz的紫外吸收光谱 9

2.5.3 TPACz-PhTrz的薄膜荧光测试 10

第三章 总结与展望 11

致 谢 12

参考文献 13

第一章 绪论

1.1 引言

本世纪开始，科技推动生产力的发展。人类的生活质量也随之得到提高，这一点在信心显示领域尤为明显，各种技术的推出一定程度上满足了人类的各种需求。当今社会，阴极射线管体积较大、功耗较高、有一定的辐射以及可视面积较小等劣势暴露无遗，而液晶显示器（Liquid Crystal Display; LCD）具备的技术优势恰好完美替代了它，因此成为目前最受欢迎的技术。虽然液晶显示器的技术优势已经较为明显，但是随着科技的不断发展，作为结合有机材料学和信息显示的孕育出的新一代显示技术有机电子发光（Organic Light-emitting Devives; OLED）脱颖而出，某种程度上它的受欢迎程度超过了LCD，大有成为新的技术宠儿之意，原因在于它比起LCD和CRT，它有以下几个更为突出的方面^[1]：

（1）因为有机材料和其电极的特殊性，即它具备一定弯曲度，故它可以制成弯曲甚至可以折叠的器件。

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