彩色沥青及其混合料路用性能研究

论文总字数：29794字

摘 要

随着居民生活水平、国家经济水平以及社会环保意识的不断发展提高，传统的沥青与水泥混凝土路面的弊端也越来越明显，于是彩色沥青路面被构想开发并逐渐得到应用。彩色沥青路面不仅可以疏导交通，缓解疲劳，还能美化道路景观，减少污染。由于我国彩色沥青路面发展较晚，因此本文对彩色沥青及其混合料路用性能进行研究，希望对其推广应用产生积极的促进作用。

基于对传统道路石油沥青组分构成、彩色沥青胶结料性能机理的分析研究，针对性地选择了制备彩色沥青的原材料。结合改性沥青制备工艺与高分子材料混溶反应机理初定彩色沥青制备工艺，并经过试验实践对制备工艺的参数进行了优化改进。

分别探究了树脂、聚合物A和B掺量对于胶结料性能的影响规律，在此基础上，基于成本、性能等因素考虑确定了聚合物A单独改性和聚合物A B复合改性胶结料的最佳配方。

出于色彩功能和着色效果考虑，选择了颜料种类，基于彩色沥青混合料的应用需求，确定了设计级配，利用马歇尔试验进行彩色沥青混合料配合比设计，确定了最佳油石比，通过对马歇尔试件的力学性能和色彩效果进行分析，确定了最佳颜料掺量。接着通过混合料试验对胶结料性能进行验证，结果表明聚合物A单独改性彩色沥青混合料高低温性能均不能满足要求，聚合物A B复合改性彩色沥青混合料高温性能卓越，水稳定性满足要求，但低温抗裂性略有不足。

关键字：彩色沥青,制备工艺,组分配比,混合料,路用性能

Abstract

With the continuous development of residents' living standards, national economic level, and social environmental protection awareness, the drawbacks of traditional asphalt and cement concrete pavements have become more and more obvious. As a result, colored asphalt pavements have been conceived and gradually applied. Colored asphalt pavement can not only ease traffic, relieve fatigue, but also beautify road landscapes and reduce pollution. Due to the late development of colored asphalt pavement in China, this paper studies the road performance of colored asphalt and its mixture, and hopes to promote it positively.

Based on the analysis and study of the composition of the traditional road petroleum asphalt components and the performance mechanism of colored asphalt binders, the raw materials for preparing colored asphalt were selected. Combining the modified asphalt preparation process with the macromolecular material miscible reaction mechanism, the preliminary colored asphalt preparation process was optimized, and the parameters of the preparation process were optimized and improved through experimental practice.

The influence laws of resin, polymer A and B content on the properties of binders were investigated separately. Based on this, the polymer A alone modification and the polymer A B composite modification cement were determined based on cost, performance and other factors. The best formula for the material.

Considering the color function and the coloring effect, the type of pigment was selected. Based on the application requirements of the color asphalt mixture, the design gradation was determined, and the Marshall test was used to design the color asphalt mixture ratio and the optimum ratio of oil to asphalt was determined. The Marshall specimen's mechanical properties and color effects were analyzed to determine the optimal pigment content. Then, through the mixture test, the performance of the binder was verified. The results showed that the high and low temperature performance of the polymer A alone modified color asphalt mixture could not meet the requirements. The polymer A B composite modified color asphalt mixture had excellent high temperature performance and water stability. Sex meets the requirements, but the low-temperature crack resistance is slightly insufficient.

KEY WORDS: color asphalt, preparation process, group distribution ratio, mixture, road perform

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 背景与意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1 彩色沥青制备方法 2

1.2.2 国内外应用现状 3

1.3 研究目标和内容 4

1.4 技术路线 4

第二章 彩色沥青原材料选择 7

2.1 彩色沥青材料组成机理 7

2.2 原材料分析选择 7

2.2.1 彩色沥青专用芳烃油 8

2.2.2 专用石油树脂 8

2.2.3 聚合物A 9

2.2.4 聚合物B 10

第三章 彩色沥青制备工艺研究 11

3.1 改性沥青制备方法 11

3.2 彩色沥青制备工艺初定及改进 11

3.2.1 高速剪切工艺初定 11

3.2.2 高速剪切工艺改进 12

第四章 彩色沥青胶结料配方设计与性能研究 14

4.1 彩色沥青性能指标要求 14

4.2 聚合物A改性的配方设计与性能研究 14

4.2.1 各组分掺量对胶结料性能的影响 14

4.2.2 各组分比例确定 17

4.3 聚合物A B复合改性的配方设计与性能研究 18

第五章 彩色沥青混合料路用性能研究 23

5.1 颜料选择 23

5.2 配合比设计 23

5.2.1 级配选择 23

5.2.2 最佳油石比确定 24

5.2.3 颜料掺量确定 26

5.3 混合料路用性能验证 28

5.3.1 高温稳定性 28

5.3.2 低温抗裂性 29

5.3.3 水稳定性 30

第六章 结论和建议 31

6.1 结论 31

6.2 进一步研究建议 31

致谢 32

参考文献 33

第一章 绪论

1.1 背景与意义

沥青路面在力学强度、弹塑性、与轮胎的附着力、减振性、维修养护等方面性能表现良好，水泥混凝土路面则在力学强度、稳定性、耐久性、夜间行车等方面性能表现优异，由此，沥青与水泥混凝土路面在不同的交通荷载条件、气候条件、土基类型以及应用需求下有针对性地得到了充分广泛的应用。虽然沥青与水泥混凝土路面较好地满足了现阶段的道路性能应用需求，极大地促进了我国高速公路、城市道路以及农村公路的快速化建设，有效的保障了居民的便利出行，其仍然具有明显的使用缺陷与弊端。由于沥青路面（黑色）与水泥混凝土路面（白色）的色彩单一，一方面不利于驾驶员与行人肉眼的动态识别，容易导致驾驶员的视觉疲劳，另一方面不利于道路与周边环境色彩相协调，影响道路环境美观。而且，黑色的沥青路面由于其对热量的较高吸收率、较低反射率，严重加剧了城市的“热岛效应”，也不利于沥青自身的耐久性能。

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