基于SWOT分析法的快速公交系统（BRT）发展研究

论文总字数：41787字

摘 要

快速公交作为一种新型的公共交通形式，具有大容量、快捷、环境友好等特点，非常适合当前中国城市交通发展的需要。它既呼应了“公交优先”的发展战略，又有着环保节能、运量较大、方便快捷等符合社会发展需求的优势，值得去研究探讨、剖析运用。

本文在介绍了国内外成功BRT系统经验的基础上，对BRT系统的首末站、中间站、线路、专用道等主要组成部分进行了较为详细的介绍，并基于SWOT法，对快速公交系统的优势、劣势与机遇、挑战进行了分析，加强对快速公交系统特征的认识。

接着，基于规划的思路，本文对快速公交系统的线路选择、首末站规划选址、中间站点布设这三大部分的规划原则、规划方法进行了较为详细的介绍。整合了规范要求以及各地成功实践的经验等，并且引入了一些先进和实用的规划方法，希冀为快速公交规划者提供一定的思路。

最后，以西安市为例，从走廊的选取到站点的布设，再到规划后的常规公交线路的调整，完整地规划设计了一条快速公交线路，以期快速公交系统能够在实际应用中，为西安公共交通系统的完善与发展作出贡献。

希望本文对BRT系统的研究探索，能够为大中型城市的快速公交建设提供一定的借鉴，也希望这种交通方式能够为我国城市的发展与人民出行的便利奉献力量。

关键词：快速公交系统；SWOT分析法；规划思路；建设方法；公交专用道

Abstract

BRT is a new form of public transport and it has the characteristics of large capacity, fast and environment-friendly. By using this type of public transport in China cities, it may have good effects to its development. It not only echoes the national development strategy of public transport, but also has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving, large traffic volume, convenient and fast, which meet the needs of social development. It is worth studying, analyzing and using.

Based on the successful experience of BRT system at home and abroad, this paper introduces the main components of BRT system, such as initial and terminal stations, intermediate stations, lines and special lanes in detail, and analyzes the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of BRT system based on SWOT method, so as to strengthen the understanding of the characteristics of BRT system.

Then, based on the idea of planning, this paper introduces the three major planning fundamentals and means of BRT system, which are line selection, planning location of the first and terminal stations, and layout of the intermediate stations. It integrates the standard requirements and the successful experience of various regions, and introduces some advanced and practical planning methods, hoping to provide some ideas for BRT planners.

Finally, taking Xi'an as an example, from the selection of corridors to the layout of stations, and then to the adjustment of the planned conventional bus lines, a BRT line is planned and designed completely, in order to make contribution to the improvement and development of Xi'an public transport system in practical application.

I hope that the research and exploration of BRT system in this paper can provide some reference for the construction of BRT in large and medium-sized cities, and also hope that this mode of transportation can contribute to the development of cities and the convenience of people's travel in China.

Key words：BRT system; SWOT analysis method; planning idea; construction method; bus lane

目录

摘要Ⅰ

AbstractⅡ

第一章 绪论1

1.1研究背景及意义1

1.2国内外研究概况1

1.2.1国外研究概况1

1.2.2国内研究概况3

1.3研究目的与主要研究内容5

1.3.1研究目的5

1.3.2研究内容与研究方法5

1.3.3技术路线6

第二章 快速公交组成及适应性研究7

2.1快速公交组成7

2.1.1首末站7

2.1.2中间站8

2.1.3线路11

2.1.4专用道12

2.1.5车辆16

2.1.6智能服务系统16

2.2基于SWOT法的快速公交适应性分析17

2.2.1快速公交系统的优势17

2.2.2快速公交系统的劣势20

2.2.3快速公交面临的机遇21

2.2.4快速公交面对的挑战21

2.2.5 SWOT分析图22

第三章 快速公交系统规划方法23

3.1线路规划23

3.1.1线路规划原则23

3.1.2线路规划方法24

3.2首末站选址规划28

3.2.1首末站选址规划原则28

3.2.2首末站选址规划方法30

3.3中间站规划34

3.3.1中间站规划原则34

3.3.2中间站规范方法35

第四章 实例研究38

4.1案例介绍38

4.2线路走廊选取38

4.2.1走廊选址原因38

4.2.2走廊建设条件39

4.2.3走廊公交状况分析41

4.2.3线路方案44

4.3站点布设45

4.3.1走廊选址原因45

4.3.2主要站点上下客流量分析46

4.3.3站点位置48

4.3.4站点形式50

4.4常规公交调整53

第五章 结论与展望57

致 谢58

参考文献（Reference）59

第一章 绪论

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