论文总字数：40046字

摘 要

我国自1978年改革开放以来，总体保持了经济的稳定快速增长，经济发展水平不断提高，人均收入大幅增加，对外贸易实现快速发展，综合国力不断增强，成为全球第二大经济体。对外贸易的快速发展促进了我国经济发展、就业增加、社会进步，也增强了我国综合实力和国际影响力。

在上述背景下，探讨研究经济发展对贸易开放度的影响十分重要。本文研究主要按照文献归纳、现状分析、机理分析、实证检验、政策建议的思路展开。全文共分为六章。第一章导论部分介绍了本文研究的背景和国内外环境，说明本文的主要研究目标，并对本文的研究思路、结构安排进行说明。第二章是文献述评，首先介绍贸易开放度的概念、测度标准和测度方法，接下来对前人的文献进行归纳和总结，并提出自己的创新点。在第三章中，对我国经济发展和贸易开放度的现状进行简要介绍。第四章为机理分析，主要针对经济发展影响贸易开放度的路径进行分析。第五章则主要是构建模型和实证分析。本文第六章则是依据结论提出相应的政策建议。

本文使用中国2000年—2014年262个地级市的面板数据，通过选取贸易开放度的度量指标，对我国262个城市的经济发展对贸易开放度的影响进行实证分析。研究结果表明，经济发展水平和交通基础设施水平对我国地级市的贸易开放度具有显著的负向影响，人口数量和资本投入对贸易开放度具有正向影响。一个城市经济发展水平越高，越会撤离依赖外向型经济这样的发展模式，而开始将注意力和发展重心向本市转移，依靠自己谋求发展，包括本地投资、居民消费、政府花费等。当GDP越高且道路面积越大时，将会加速远离外向型发展模式，投入到内向型发展模式，城市发展会越来越多的依靠本土市场而不是依靠外部市场。

关键词：经济发展、贸易开放度、交通发展、人口规模、资本投入

Abstract

Since reform and opening up, the economy has grown steadily and rapidly, the level of economic development has continued to increase, per capita income has increased substantially, foreign trade has achieved rapid development, and its comprehensive national strength has continuously increased, making it the second largest economy in the world. The rapid development of foreign trade has promoted China's economic development, employment growth, and social progress, and has also enhanced China's comprehensive strength and international influence.

Under the above background, it is very important to study the influence of economic development on trade openness. This paper mainly according to the literature induction, current situation analysis, mechanism analysis, empirical test, policy recommendations. The full text is divided into six chapters.The first chapter introduces the background of this paper and the domestic and international environment, explains the main research objectives of this paper, and explains the research ideas and structure of this paper.The second chapter is the literature review, first introduces the concept of trade openness, measurement standards and measurement methods, and then summarizes the previous literature, and puts forward its own innovation. In the third chapter, the present situation of economic development and trade openness in China is briefly introduced. Fourth The chapter is the mechanism analysis, mainly for the economic development to affect the trade openness path to carry on the analysis. The fifth chapter is mainly the construction model and empirical analysis. The sixth chapter of this paper is based on the conclusions of the corresponding policy recommendations.

This paper uses the panel data of 262 prefecture-level cities in China from 2000 to 2014, and empirically analyzes the impact of economic development on trade openness in 262 cities in China by selecting the indicators of trade openness. The research results show that the level of economic development and the level of transportation infrastructure have a significant negative impact on the trade openness of prefecture-level cities in China. The population and capital investment have a positive impact on the openness of trade. The higher the level of economic development in a city, the more likely it will withdraw from the development model of relying on export-oriented economy, and begin to shift its attention and development focus to this city, relying on itself to seek development. Including local investment, resident consumption, government spending, etc. When the higher the GDP and the larger the road area, it will accelerate away from the export-oriented development model and invest in the introverted development model. Urban development will rely more and more on the local market rather than the external market.

KEY WORDS: economic development, trade openness, traffic development, population size, capital investment

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 导论 1

1.1 研究背景和意义 1

1.2研究目标 2

1.3论文总体思路和框架 2

第二章 文献述评 4

2.1重要概念解释 4

2.2贸易开放度的多种度量方式 4

2.3文献综述 5

2.4小结 8

第三章 我国经济发展和贸易开放现状 9

3.1我国经济发展的现状 9

3.2我国对外开放的现状 9

第四章 我国经济发展对贸易开放度的影响机制解释 11

4.1收入水平视角 11

4.2交通运输视角 11

4.3产业结构视角 12

4.4产品质量视角 12

第五章 实证分析 14

5.1数据来源和基本统计分析 14

5.2回归方程设定 14

5.3国内数据实证检验 14

5.4回归结果 15

5.5稳健性检验 18

第六章 结论与建议 25

6.1结论 25

6.2建议 25

6.2.1提高经济发展水平 25

6.2.2完善交通基础设施 26

6.2.3注重培养人力资源 27

6.2.4善于运用资本投入 28

参考文献 29

致 谢 32

第一章 导论

1.1 研究背景和意义

当今世界，经济全球化是不可逆转的发展趋势，这个事实没有改变。世界是一个紧密联系的“地球村”，携起手来共谋发展是人间正道，没有一座城市、一个地区、一个国家是一座孤岛。对外开放是一国经济发展的重要前提。同时，对外开放也是一把“双刃剑”，既给我们带来很多机遇，也使我们面临严峻的挑战和更多的风险。

我国的经济经过改革开放40年的磨练，取得了长足发展。在经济全球化的进程中，我国奉行积极开放的对外战略，深度融入全球经济，广泛开展与其他国家的贸易交流。中国自2001年加入WTO以来，经济走上了一条高速发展之路，人均收入在短时期内明显增长，进出口贸易额大幅提高，综合国力持续增强，成为全球第二大经济体。对外贸易的快速发展，促进了我国的经济发展水平提高、人民就业增加、社会和谐进步，也提升了我国综合实力和国际影响力。

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