金融服务业集聚对居民收入差距影响研究

论文总字数：29875字

摘 要

金融服务业集聚是区域经济发展到一定阶段的产物，同时金融集聚也对该地区的各经济因素产生深刻的影响。金融业的发展与经济发展相辅相成，金融集聚提升了区域经济发展水平，给人们带来收入增加的同时也对居民收入差距产生了影响。本文研究的主题为金融服务业集聚与居民收入差距之间的关系，以金融服务业发展较为成熟的长三角地区作为研究样本，从理论和实证两方面探讨了二者之间的关系。

文章首先梳理了国内外有关金融发展与收入分配关系的理论研究，然后进行了概念界定，分析了集聚的动力机制，据此提出了金融集聚对收入差距影响路径的三种假设。实证部分选取长三角地区16座代表城市2006—2015年的平衡面板数据，分为集聚程度较高的组和较低的组分别进行多元线性回归，并加入四组控制变量消除其他因素的影响。实证结果发现：在长三角地区金融集聚程度较高的城市中，金融服务业的集聚可以缩小居民收入差距，同时城市的开放程度、人口密度越高，居民收入差距越小；经济发展水平越高，收入差距越高。在金融集聚程度较低的城市中，金融服务业的集聚反而进一步拉大了居民收入差距，除此之外，居民收入差距还与城市人口密度、外商直接投资有显著正相关关系，人口密度越高、外商直接投资额越大，收入差距越大。最后据此提出了相关政策建议。

关键词：金融服务业，金融服务业集聚，居民收入差距

Abstract

The agglomeration of financial services industry is a product of regional economic development to a certain stage. At the same time, financial agglomeration also has a profound impact on various economic factors in the region. The development of the financial industry and economic development complement each other. Financial agglomeration has enhanced the level of regional economic development, brought about an increase in income for the people, and has also affected the income gap of residents. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between financial service industry agglomeration and residents' income gap. Taking the Yangtze River Delta Region, where the financial service industry is more mature, as a research sample, the relationship between the two is discussed theoretically and empirically.

The article first reviewed the theoretical research on the relationship between financial development and income distribution at home and abroad. Then it defined the concept and analyzed the dynamic mechanism of agglomeration. Based on this, it put forward three assumptions on the path of income agglomeration. The empirical part selects the balanced panel data of 16 representative cities in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2006 to 2015. The group with higher degree of agglomeration and the lower group respectively perform multiple linear regression and joins four groups of control variables to eliminate the influence of other factors. The empirical results show that in cities with a relatively high level of financial aggregation in the Yangtze River Delta, the concentration of financial services can reduce the income gap of residents. At the same time, the degree of openness and population density of cities is higher, the income gap between residents is smaller, and the level of economic development is higher. The higher the income gap. In cities with relatively low levels of financial aggregation, the concentration of financial services industry has further widened the income gap of residents. In addition, the income gap of residents is also significantly positively correlated with urban population density and foreign direct investment, and the population density is higher. The higher the amount of foreign direct investment, the greater the income gap. Based on this, it put forward relevant policy recommendations.

KEY WORDS: Financial service industry, Financial service industry agglomeration, Residents' income gap

目 录

摘要 III

Abstract IV

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究内容 1

1.3 研究重点 3

第二章 文献综述 4

2.1 金融服务业集聚 4

2.2 居民收入差距影响因素 5

2.3 金融发展与居民收入差距的关系 6

2.4 本章小结 6

第三章 理论分析 8

3.1 核心概念界定 8

3.1.1 金融服务业集聚的含义 8

3.1.2 居民收入差距的含义 9

3.2 金融服务业的集聚机制 9

3.2.1 区位经济学角度 9

3.2.2 新经济地理学角度 10

3.2.3 演化经济学路径依赖角度 10

3.3 金融发展对居民收入差距影响的分析与假设 10

3.3.1 金融发展的门槛效应 11

3.3.2 金融发展的降低贫困效应 11

3.3.3 金融发展改变对劳动力市场的需求 12

3.4 本章小结 12

第四章 实证分析 13

4.1 相关变量的测量方法 13

4.1.1 金融服务业集聚程度的测量 13

4.1.2 居民收入差距的测量 17

4.2 模型设定 18

4.2.1 计量模型设定 18

4.2.2 变量选取 19

4.2.3 数据来源 19

4.3 结果分析 19

4.3.1 回归结果 19

4.3.2 稳健性检验 23

4.4 本章小结 24

第五章 结论与政策建议 25

5.1 结论 25

5.2 政策建议 25

5.2.1 建立公正合理的金融发展机制 25

5.2.2 鼓励金融机构多元化发展 25

5.2.3 出台辅助政策与金融互补发展 25

4.1.1 加强地区间的金融合作 26

5.3 本章小结 26

致谢 27

参考文献 28

第一章 绪论

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