论文总字数：33425字

摘 要

在科技日益发展的今天，网络技术渗透到人们生活的方方面面了，大到航空航天，小到人们的外卖点餐。在日常生活中，水电的使用占据着重要的位置。虽然我国的水电费定价并不高，但我国的人口众多水资源匮乏，加之我国的发电来源主要是水力发电。因此节约用水成为全国提倡的目标。自来水以及电能虽然是可再生资源，但是我国人口基数大，人均水资源只有2300立方米，仅仅占到了世界平均水平的1/4。我国的电能资源最多的来源方式是火力发电，其占比达到了80%，而且火力发电的主要原料是煤。过多的电力浪费无疑会增加环境污染，浪费资源。统计的意义就在于让用户知道自己用了多少度的电，用了多少立方的水。而不像市面上已有的一些产品只有结果而没有过程。

本课题的主要目的是，通过B/S架构使得水电用户在一个系统上实现水电费查询、水电费缴纳，并且查看自己的水电费使用情况。在当今水电阶梯化收费的背景下，相关的统计可以让用户更好的了解自己的水电使用情况。可以在用户缴费时进行推荐,使得用户可以选择自己所适合的档次进行消费。从而达到节约水电资源的目的。

本系统采用现今应用场景较多的LAMP架构，LAMP架构作为当今服务器应用中最广泛的架构，拥有极高的安全性。因为LAMP是基于Linux的一系列开源软件的统称，正是由于它的开源性质，在发现疑难问题时，会有大量的程序员去进行修复。这大大降低了技术支持的难度，并且因为LAMP的组件都遵循GPL协议，这样也极大的降低了部署时所需要的成本，并且相较于Windows环境下的服务器搭建，Linux的环境所占用的资源更小更省空间，并且可以通过虚拟化技术在一台物理服务器上模拟出更多的虚拟服务器以便使用。

本文将通过虚拟机部署的方式，简单介绍LAMP环境的搭建。在B/S架构中虚拟机的应用也很广泛，因此将服务部署在虚拟机上，也更切合实际应用。本文中所采用的LAMP架构是LINUX APACHE MARIADB PHP的形式，并且Linux的发行版本使用的是Centos7。

在网页的设计模式中采用HTML JS CSS的形式，本文主要针对架构的设计思路、用户的管理模式、以及水电费的缴费管理模式方面进行阐述。除了以上部分外需要兼顾考虑到：1、怎样使用户更加方便的使用相关的程序。2、如何确定计价模式的选择。3、对于用户如何将相关的信息进行比较，从而督促用户进行自身水电用量的调整，从而达到节水的目的。4、如何更加接近实际运行环境进行服务的架设，从而实现系统满足实际的工程性。

水电费管理系统对于用户，应该是用户了解自身消费的一个重要的窗口，通过这个窗口。用户可以清楚的知道自己的水电费消费的情况，并且做出相应的消费调整。对于管理机构来说，应该是机构对于价格调整、具体区域水电用量的比较。通过这些比较，从而可以更好的实施水电阶梯式定价以及水电功能性组网。对于当今时代的两个显著特点就是：世界经济的高速转型和计算机信息技术的飞速发展。水资源和电能作为国家发展的基础能源，应该倡导有效利用，杜绝浪费。

关键词：虚拟机、LAMP、B/S架构、水电缴费

Design and implementation of user"s Daily Water and electricity payment and Statistics system based on BES Architecture

Abstract

With the increasing development of science and technology today, network technology permeates all aspects of people"s lives, from aerospace to small to people"s take-out orders.In daily life, the use of water and electricity occupies an important position.Although the pricing of water and electricity is not high in our country, the population of our country is lack of water resources, and the main source of electricity generation in our country is hydroelectric power.Although tap water and electric energy are living resources, China has a large population base, with water resources per capita of only 2300 cubic meters, accounting for only 1 / 4 of the world average.Thermal power generation is the main source of electric energy resources in China, which accounts for 80% of the total, and coal is the main raw material of thermal power generation.Excessive waste of electricity will undoubtedly increase environmental pollution and waste resources.The significance of statistics is to let users know how many degrees of electricity they use and how much cubic water they use.Unlike some existing products on the market, there are only results but no process.

The main purpose of this paper is to make utilities users query and pay water and electricity charges in a system, and to check their own usage of utility charges through B / S architecture. The main purpose of this paper is to make use of electricity and utilities in a system.In the current background of hydropower step charge, relevant statistics can make users better understand their water and electricity use.Users can be recommended at the time of payment, so that users can choose their own appropriate grades for consumption.In order to achieve the purpose of saving hydropower resources.The system adopts LAMP architecture, which has more application scenarios, and LAMP architecture, as the most widely used architecture of server applications, has very high security.Because LAMP is a series of open source software based on Linux, it is because of its open source nature that there will be a large number of programmers to fix difficult problems.This greatly reduces the difficulty of technical support, and because the components of LAMP follow the GPL protocol, it also greatly reduces the cost of deployment, and the Linux environment consumes less resources than the server build in the Windows environment. And more virtual servers can be simulated on one physical server through virtualization technology.

In this paper, through virtual machine deployment, a brief introduction to the construction of LAMP environment.The virtual machine is widely used in the BSS architecture, so it is more practical to deploy the service on the virtual machine.The LAMP architecture used in this article is in the form of LINUX APACHE MARIADB PHP, and the distribution of Linux uses Centos7.

In the design pattern of web page, the form of HTML JS CSS is adopted. In this paper, the design idea of the architecture, the management mode of users, and the management mode of water and electricity charge are described.In addition to the above, the following needs to be taken into account:1, how to make the user more convenient to use related programs.2, how to determine the choice of pricing mode.3, how to compare the relevant information, and urge the user to adjust their own water and electricity consumption, so as to achieve the goal of saving water.4, how to more close to the actual running environment for service erection, so that the system can meet the actual engineering.

The two remarkable characteristics of modern times are the integration of the world economy and the rapid development of information technology, which takes the computer as the carrier.As the basic energy of national development, water resources and electric energy should be used effectively, and waste should be eliminated.

Keywords: virtual machine；LAMP；B/S architecture ；Water and electricity payment

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract I

第一章 前言 1

1.1 系统设计总述 1

1.1.1 背景介绍 1

1.1.2 研究意义 2

1.1.3 研究现状 2

1.2 开发技术及软件 3

1.2.1 开发技术 3

1.2.2 运行环境 5

1.3 主要工作内容 5

1.4 论文组织结构 5

第二章 系统需求分析 7

2.1 需求分析 7

2.1.1 系统开发目的 7

2.1.2 系统功能需求分析 7

2.1.3 系统界面需求分析 7

2.1.4 性能需求分析 8

2.2 可行性分析 8

2.2.1 概述 8

2.2.2 技术性 8

2.2.3 经济性 8

2.2.4 可操作性 9

2.3 本章小结 9

第三章 系统的概要设计和分析 10

3.1 系统的开发环境及相关技术 10

3.1.1 系统开发环境 10

3.1.2 开发语言 10

3.1.3 开发技术 11

3.1.4 DreamWeaver 12

3.1.5 MariaDB 12

3.2 系统功能结构的设计 13

3.3 数据流程的分析 13

3.4 数据库中的相关表的设计 15

3.4.1 系统E-R图 16

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