基于单片机的教室灯光控制系统

论文总字数：22381字

摘 要

这篇文章介绍了基于Arduino单片机的教室灯光控制系统设计，实现了依据教室实时人数控制教室亮灯数以及无线控制亮灯数的设计从而达到节约教室照明用电资源的目的。系统硬件分为单片机控制模块、检测模块、液晶显示模块及Wifi遥控模块部分。软件部分分为手机界面设计和程序编写。该系统用Arduino单片机作为控制装置的主控芯片，利用热释红外传感器检测教室是否存在以及存在的人数情况，利用光敏二极管组成的光照电路检测外部环境光照的强度。依据教室的光照强度是否合理，系统通过对环境光信号和人体进出的信号进行智能判断和识别，实现对教室照明状况也就是亮灯数的控制，同时于LCD1602液晶屏上显示当前的模式，亮灯数及人数。还可利用wifi在手机APP上手动遥控，避免了教室用电资源的大量浪费。该灯光控制系统具有低功耗、高性能、结构简单、通用性强等优点，应用在对教室灯光控制上，可以实现环保节能的目的。

关键词：教室灯光系统；单片机；传感器；LCD1602

Abstract：This paper introduces the design of the classroom light control system based on Arduino single chip microcomputer, which realizes the design of controlling the number of lights in the classroom based on the number of people in the classroom in real time and the wireless control of the number of lights in the classroom, so as to achieve the purpose of saving the electricity resources of classroom lighting. The system hardware is divided into SCM control module, detection module, LCD display module and Wifi remote control module. Software is divided into mobile phone interface design and programming. The system USES Arduino microcontroller as the main control chip of the control device, USES the pyrolysis infrared sensor to detect whether the classroom exists and the number of people, and USES the light circuit composed of photosensitive diode to detect the intensity of the external environment light. According to whether the light intensity of the classroom is reasonable, the system can intelligently judge and recognize the ambient light signal and the human body"s incoming and outgoing signals, and realize the control of the classroom lighting condition, namely the number of lights. Meanwhile, the current mode, number of lights and the number of people are displayed on the LCD1602 LCD screen. It can also be remotely controlled by hand on the mobile APP with wifi, which avoids a large waste of electricity resources in the classroom. The light control system has the advantages of low power consumption, high performance, simple structure, strong universality, etc. It can realize the purpose of environmental protection and energy saving when applied to the control of classroom light.

Keywords：classroom lighting system; mcu;sensing; lcd1602

目 录

1绪论 7

1.1 课题研究的目的与意义 7

1.2智能照明控制系统的研究现状 7

1.3 采用智能照明控制系统的优势 8

1.4本课题的设计理念 8

1.5 本设计的研究方法 9

1.6 本设计的主要研究内容 9

2 系统设计 9

2.1 设计要求 9

2.2 总设计方案 10

2.2.1 设计思路 10

3 系统硬件电路设计 11

3.1 单片机与Arduino 11

3.1.1单片机arduino的核心器件 11

3.1.2单片机的概念 11

3.1.3单片机的应用介绍 11

3.1.4 Arduino的定义 12

3.1.5 Arduino的独特优势 12

3.1.6 Arduino开发工具简介 13

3.2 室内人数侦测设计模块 14

3.2.1 红外光电开关的原理 14

IO口。电路如图3-3所示。 14

3.2.2 教室人数检测模块的功能实现 14

3.3 教室光照强度检测模块的设计 15

3.3.1 光敏二极管检测光强原理 15

3.3.2 光敏二极管的模拟形式 16

3.4 灯控模拟模块的设计 16

3.5 液晶显示屏模块的设计 16

3.5.2 LCD液晶显示器的分类 17

3.5.3 LCD液晶显示器的引脚 18

3.5.4 LCD液晶显示器的控制指令 19

3.6 Wifi遥控模块的设计 20

3.6.1 无线遥控设计方案 20

3.6.2 WiFi遥控模块 21

3.7 电源稳压模块的设计 21

4 软件部分设计 22

4.1 手机界面设计 22

4.2 程序流程 24

5 系统测试 27

5.1 硬件调试 27

5.2 软件调试 27

参考文献 30

致谢 31

附 录 32

附录1：器件清单 32

附录2:调试仪器 32

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