论文总字数：23670字

摘 要

随着时代的发展，我国医疗改革也一直在路上，为了尽早实现中国梦，医疗制度改革的深化势在必行。医院作为与人民群众息息相关的场所，医疗制度完善是实现社会和谐必不可少的重要因素。病床是医院最为重要的医疗设备之一，也是一家医院未来能够在市场上站稳脚跟的核心竞争力之一，所以对病床安排制度的管理至关重要。而目前仍有相当一部分医院的病床使用率不尽如人意，所以为了更好地利用资源，需要对医院病床进行相应的规划研究。本文主要通过某医院眼科病床的实际数据对医院病床安排的效益进行研究，通过与实际情况的对比，得到更优的安排计划。

首先对原始数据进行分析，利用SPSS软件对病人的到达时间及其住院时间数据分别进行了分布拟合，并进行假设检验，最终得到了眼科病人的到达时间的分布函数是泊松分布，病人住院时间数据包含的规律。

为了对病床安排进行评价，考虑了医院和病人两个方面选取了目标评价指标：一个周期内医院服务的病人数和入院病人的平均等待时间，由于统计后的数据显示病人在两周内可以完成入院出院的所有治疗过程，所以使用两周为一个周期进行仿真模拟。医院两周内接待的病人数越多越好，入院病人的平均等待时间越少越好。

通过数据统计，对五个类型的眼科病人进行分析，考虑到医院的医生和手术室是有限的，某些种类的手术并不是每天都有安排，如果门诊之后就立刻入院可能会导致病床资源的浪费，病人也会有不必要的开销。所以本文针对白内障病人，双眼均需要进行手术的白内障病人，青光眼病人，视网膜疾病病人和外伤病人这五种病人的入院时间进行合理规划，根据手术时间安排和住院时间最短原则安排他们在一周的不同时间入院。

基于VB6.0设计了一个仿真模拟程序，对原有的方案和新方案都进行模拟研究，得到评价指标进行比较，得出新的方案的优劣。最终得出新方案在一个周期内医院接待病人数和入院病人的平均等待时间两个评价指标上都优于原有方案。

关键词：数据分析；系统仿真；方案优化

ABSTRACT

With the development of The Times, China's medical reform has been on the road, in order to realize the Chinese dream as soon as possible, the deepening of medical system reform is imperative. As a hospital is closely related to the people, the improvement of medical system is an essential factor to achieve social harmony. Hospital bed is one of the most important medical equipment in a hospital, and also one of the core competitiveness of a hospital in the future to gain a firm foothold in the market, so the management of hospital bed arrangement system is crucial. However, there are still quite a few hospitals with unsatisfactory utilization rate of hospital beds, so in order to make better use of resources, it is necessary to carry out corresponding planning and research on hospital beds. This paper mainly studies the benefit of hospital bed arrangement through the actual data of an eye bed in a hospital, and obtains a better arrangement plan by comparing with the actual situation.

Firstly, the original data were analyzed, SPSS software was used to conduct distribution fitting for the data of patient arrival time and hospitalization time, and hypothesis testing was conducted. Finally, the distribution function of ophthalmic patient arrival time was poisson distribution, and the rule of patient hospitalization time data was included.

In order to evaluate the sickbed arrangement, consider the two aspects of hospital and patients to choose the target evaluation indexes: hospital services of one cycle of the average waiting time of patients and hospital patients, due to the statistical data showed that patients within two weeks after can complete all treatment process of hospital discharge, so using two weeks for a cycle simulation. The more patients a hospital receives within two weeks, the better, and the shorter the average waiting time for admission, the better.

According to the data statistics, five types of ophthalmic patients are analyzed. Considering that the doctors and operating rooms in the hospital are limited, some kinds of surgeries are not arranged every day. If the patients are admitted immediately after the outpatient service, the resources of beds may be wasted and the patients may have unnecessary expenses. Therefore, in this paper, the hospital admission time of cataract patients, glaucoma patients, retinal disease patients and trauma patients who need surgery for both eyes was reasonably planned. According to the operation schedule and the principle of the shortest hospitalization time, they were admitted at different times of a week.

Based on VB6.0, a simulation program is designed to simulate the original scheme and the new scheme. Finally, it is concluded that the new scheme is superior to the original scheme in both the number of patients received by the hospital and the average waiting time of the admitted patients within one cycle.

Key words: Data Analysis; System Simulation; Scheme Optimization

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1课题研究背景和意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.3主要研究内容与思路 4

第二章 数据分析 6

2.1数据的分布拟合 6

2.2数据的假设检验 11

2.2.1SPSS 11

2.2.2病人到达时间的假设检验 12

2.2.3病人住院时间的假设检验 13

第三章 建立系统模型 15

3.1数学建模 15

3.2定义评价指标 15

3.3建模过程 16

3.3.1符号说明 16

3.3.2建立模型 16

3.4方案说明 17

3.4.1原有方案 17

3.4.2新方案 18

第四章 眼科病房住院系统仿真 19

4.1VB6.0 19

4.1.1语言特点 19

4.1.2突出优势 20

4.2基础程序构建 20

4.2.1确定病床数 21

4.2.2入院出院功能实现 21

4.3方案实施 22

4.4仿真结果对比 24

4.5方案评价 26

第五章 结论和展望 28

5.1结论及独创性 28

5.2局限和展望 28

参考文献： 29

致 谢 30

第一章 绪论

1.1课题研究背景和意义

随着时代的发展，我国医疗改革也一直在路上，为了尽早实现中国梦，医疗制度改革的深化势在必行。医院作为与人民群众息息相关的场所，医疗制度完善是实现社会和谐必不可少的重要因素。病床是医院最为重要的医疗设备之一，也是一家医院未来能够在市场上站稳脚跟的核心竞争力之一，所以对病床安排制度的管理至关重要。目前，仍有相当数量的医院病床使用率较低，因此为了更好地利用资源，有必要对病床进行相应的规划研究。

眼科病人主要分为五类：单眼白内障病人，双眼均患病的白内障病人，视网膜疾病病人，青光眼病人和外伤病人。由于疾病的多样性，入院后安排患者入院和手术是很复杂的。住院部病床安排十分重要，如果数量不足，会导致病人等待时间过长，长期得不到治疗的焦急和病痛就会让病人对医院丧失信心，抱怨连天，甚至导致医患关系更加紧张;病床太多的话又会导致闲置和不必要的资源浪费，所以医院病床的数目首先就需要有合理的设定。

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