论文总字数：33273字

摘 要

随着中国制造2025理念的提出以及市场需求的快速变化，我国的制造业获得了快速的发展。但同时制造业也面临着向“工业4.0”靠近的严峻挑战，因此如何提高企业的生产成为了企业发展的重点方向。本文采用工业工程方法，以D公司铬锆铜合金车间为研究目标，理论结合实践，从生产线平衡和车间生产布局两个方向进行科学系统地分析研究，总结提高制造企业生产效率的方法，以满足市场需求。

首先，本文概述了课题的研究背景及意义，介绍了在当今世界大环境下中国中小型制造企业的生存现状。然后，本文阐述了课题主要研究目标。

其次，从生产线平衡方面入手，结合D公司铜合金车间的具体生产数据进行研究分析，发现企业在生产线平衡方面存在的问题。然后，采用ECRS原则对生产线进行分析优化，提出相应的改进意见。最后创造性提出分时段生产优化模式，并结合传统理论进行分析。

再有，从车间布局优化方面入手，结合D公司铜合金车间的具体数据进行研究分析，发现企业在布局优化方面存在的问题。然后，运用基于Flexsim的车间布局优化方法对D公司进行分析，提出并比较优化方案。

最后，总结两个方向的改进方案得出最终优化方案，提高了铜合金车间生产线平衡率，优化了铜合金车间布局与装配线路，提高了企业的经济效益。然后就中国中小型企业的转型优化的问题提出了展望。

关键词：工业工程，生产线平衡，车间布局优化

Abstract

With the concept of China Made 2025 and rapid changes in market demand, China's manufacturing industry has achieved rapid development. However, at the same time, the manufacturing industry is also faced with a severe challenge to “Industry 4.0”. Therefore, how to increase the production of the company has become the key direction for the development of the company. This article adopts the industrial engineering method, takes the company's workshop of chromium-zirconium-copper alloy as the research goal, combines theory with practice, conducts scientific and systematic analysis and research from the two directions of production line balance and workshop production layout, and summarizes the methods for improving the production efficiency of manufacturing enterprises to meet Market demand.

First of all, topics outlined in the research background and significance, and introduces the current situation of the survival of Chinese small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in the current world environment. Then, the topic was elaborated on the main research objectives.

Secondly, starting from the balance of the production line, combined with the specific production data of the company's copper alloy workshop, the company conducted research and analysis and found that the company had problems in the balance of the production line. Then, using the ECRS principle, the production line is analyzed and optimized, and corresponding improvements are proposed. Finally creatively put forward the sub-period production optimization model, and combine traditional theory for analysis.

Furthermore, starting with the optimization of the shop floor layout, combined with the specific data of the company's copper alloy workshop, the company conducted research and analysis, and found that the company had problems in the layout optimization. Then, we use the Flexsim-based shop floor layout optimization method to analyze Company D and propose and compare optimization plans.

Finally, summing up the two directions of the improvement plan resulted in the final optimization plan, improved the balance rate of the copper alloy shop production line, optimized the copper alloy workshop layout and assembly line, and improved the economic efficiency of the company. Then raised the prospect on the transformation of Chinese small and medium enterprises optimization.

KEY WORDS: Industrial Engineering, Line balance, Workshop layout optimization

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1论文背景 1

1.2研究方向 1

第二章 生产线平衡优化 3

2.1生产线平衡优化 3

2.1.1生产线平衡优化意义 3

2.1.2生产线平衡优化方向 3

2.1.3生产线平衡优化方法 3

2.1.4生产线平衡优化计算 3

2.2D公司铬锆铜车间生产线现状 4

2.3仿真模型的建立 4

2.4仿真分析 7

第三章 生产线平衡优化讨论 11

3.1铬锆铜生产线前半部分优化 11

3.2铬锆铜生产线后半部分优化 13

3.2.1机器数量比3：1：1的优化方案 13

3.2.2机器数量比3：2：1的优化方案 15

3.3铬锆铜生产线特殊优化 16

第四章 车间布局优化 19

4,1基本概念 19

4.2基于Flexsim的车间设备布局优点及步骤 19

4.3D公司铬锆铜车间布局现状 19

4.4仿真模型的建立与分析 21

4.5优化分析与优化方案 24

第五章 总结与展望 31

致 谢 32

参考文献 33

附 录 34

第一章 绪论

1.1论文背景

制造业是国民经济的主体，是立国之本、兴国之器、强国之基。十八世纪中叶开启工业文明以来，世界强国的兴衰史和中华民族的奋斗史一再证明，没有强大的制造业，就没有国家和民族的强盛。打造具有国际竞争力的制造业，是我国提升综合国力、保障国家安全、建设世界强国的必由之路。^【1】

在改革开放政策的东风下，中国制造业虽然发展迅速，但是离发达国家还有很大打的差距。在产业阶段方面，德国在顺利完成“工业1.0”“工业2.0”，基本完成“工业3.0”之后，提出了“工业4.0”的概念。而中国制造业尚处于“工业2.0”和“工业3.0”并行发展的阶段，必须走“工业2.0”补课、“工业3.0”普及、“工业4.0”示范的发展道路。^【2】

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