论文总字数:26253字
摘 要
目前治疗冠脉疾病的有效方式之一就是血管支架术,而血管支架的力学性能对临床手术的成功率影响很大。本文研究并改进了国内外现有的支架力学性能的测试方案,改进并优化了一个集抗挤压性能测试、柔顺性测试、输送性能测试三个模块于一体的实验平台。本文的研究内容包括以下几个方面:
- 改进了抗挤压性能的测试方法。利用“有效直径”的概念,即利用支架受挤压时的体积变化来计算有效直径,该方法避免了接触式测量所带来的干扰和误差,同时改进了密封腔的设计,减少了畸变误差,方便了支架的定位与安装;
- 集成了三个性能测试模块。统筹三个性能测试方案的需求后,通过合理布局与模块共享,将三个测试功能统筹到一个平台上,减少了硬件和软件上的重复设计;
- 完成了硬件与软件设计及平台组装。通过零件设计与加工,完成了平台的硬件组装,同时利用Arduino开发板和步进电机系统,配合NI LabVIEW开发平台,编写了一套适用于本平台的测试软件。
关键词:血管支架,抗挤压性能,柔顺性,输送性
Abstract
One of the effective ways to treat coronary artery disease is vascular stenting and the mechanical properties of vascular stents have a great impact on the success rate of clinical surgery.The existing test schemes for mechanical properties of stents at home and abroad are studied and improved,and a set of experimental modules integrating crush resistance test, compliance test and transport performance test are improved and optimized .The following aspects are included in this paper:
- Test method for crush resistance is improved. The concept of "effective diameter", that is, calculate the effective diameter by using the volume change when the stent is squeezed,is proposed ,this method avoids the interference and error caused by contact measurement.At the same time, the improvement of the sealing cavity reduces the distortion error and facilitates the positioning and installation of the bracket.
- Three performance test modules are integrated.After coordinating the requirements of the three performance test schemes, the three modules are coordinated to one platform through reasonable layout and module sharing, which reduces the repetitive design on hardware and software.
- Hardware and software design are Completed. Through the design and processing of the parts, the hardware assembly of the platform was completed. At the same time, the Arduino development board and the stepping motor system were used, and the NI LabVIEW development platform was used to write a set of test software suitable for the platform.
KEY WORDS: stent, crush resistance, flexibility, transportability
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2血管支架技术 1
1.3血管支架的性能 2
1.4支架性能测试现状综述 3
1.4.1抗挤压性能 3
1.4.2柔顺性能 4
1.4.3输送性能 5
1.5选题背景及意义 5
1.6 文章结构 6
第二章 测试平台的总体设计方案 8
2.1功能需求分析 8
2.2总体设计方案 8
2.2.1抗挤压性能测试模块 10
2.2.2柔顺性测试模块 11
2.2.3输送性能测试模块 12
2.3本章小结 13
第三章 测试平台的模块设计 14
3.1抗挤压性能测试模块 14
3.1.1自动加载模块 14
3.1.2机器视觉模块 15
3.1.3密封腔设计 16
3.1.4系统安装 19
3.1.5软件设计 20
3.2柔顺性测试模块 23
3.2.1自动加载模块 23
3.2.2夹具设计 24
3.3输送性测试 26
3.3.1穿越性测试 26
3.3.2推送性测试 27
3.4总体布局 28
3.5本章小结 28
第四章 总结与展望 29
4.1总结 29
4.2展望 30
参考文献 31
附 录 33
致 谢 37
第一章 绪论
1.1引言
当今世界,经济发展迅速,人民生活水平快速提高,生活方式也发生了巨大的改变,但随之而来的,冠状动脉疾病(Coronary Artery Disease, 简称CAD)的发病率也在迅速上升,以冠状动脉性心脏病为甚,它已经成为人类生命健康安全的重大威胁,是近年来导致世界人口病亡的主要原因。
1.2血管支架技术
关于冠心病的治疗,目前主要有三种方法,有各自的特点:
(1)药物治疗:便于活血化瘀,但疗效短,且长期服用药物必然会带来药物毒性;
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