质子交换膜燃料电池剩余寿命研究

论文总字数：35470字

摘 要

关键词：健康状态；燃料电池；极化曲线；电化学阻抗谱

A Research of the Remaining Useful Life of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

02011223 Zhijie Zhang

Supervised by Yifan Zhou

Abstract： Energy and the environment are the material basis of human survival and development. The exploitation of new energy and environment protection have become two of the most crucial issues which the development of human society has to confront. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell is one of the most clean electrical device that produce energy. However, because of its life span, the fuel cell system has not been applied for a large-scale. Therefore, we still need to optimize constantly the functions of fuel cell and improve their life. This thesis comes from the 2014 PHM Data Challenge which was organized by the IEEE Reliability Society and aimed to estimate the state of health of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system using performance data and provide a feasible method of assessment through using prognostic and health management. Polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy contain the capital information of aging of fuel cell stacks. These information can be used in the assessment of health state. Polarization curves show the relationship between current and voltage. In different times and same value of current, the decrease of voltage reflect the reduction of aging. If the frequency information is being considered, the dynamic information of fuel cell stacks can be recognized from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In modeling, the model of polarization curve are established by using performance data and empirical mode are chosen to estimate. A polynomial model and a back propagation neural network model are used to prognosticate unknown data and compare reliability in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In this thesis, according to the data, the health state of each battery package had been predicted under steady-state conditions and dynamic conditions, including the load voltage under certain load current and impedance of fuel cell systems under different frequency in different moments. The predicted results are consistent with the actual measured values. The reliability of empirical model are affirmed, and also polynomial model and the neutral network model have a good value of predicting the healthy states of fuel cells. The aim of this thesis is using prognostic and health management to achieve condition-based maintenance, at economical state and maximum resource utilization. The probability and mathematical statistics was using in improving the results of prediction. The number of prediction are expressed by prediction interval and code with the results using linear regression analysis to make the prediction more corresponding than before with realistic forecast.

Key words: State of health; fuel cell; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Polarization curves

目 录

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1.2 研究现状及发展趋势 1

1.2.1 质子交换膜燃料电池 1

1.2.2 燃料电池健康状态 3

1.2.3 故障预测与健康管理 4

1.3 本文研究内容及安排 4

2、实验条件与实验数据分析 6

2.1 实验装置 6

2.1.1 老化测试实验台 6

2.1.2 实验所用电池组 7

2.2 实验条件及数据分析 7

2.2.1 持续性测试方案 7

2.2.2 老化数据 8

2.3 本章小结 10

3、燃料电池极化曲线预测方法研究 11

3.1 引言 11

3.2 极化曲线与电池健康状态的关系 11

3.3 实验条件与数据分析 12

3.4 基于经验模型的PEMFC的健康状态预测 12

3.4.1 经验模型的建立 13

3.4.2 静态条件下燃料电池极化曲线的预测 13

3.4.3 动态条件下燃料电池极化曲线的预测 17

3.5 本章小结 21

4、燃料电池电化学阻抗谱预测方法研究 22

4.1 引言 22

4.2 电化学阻抗谱与电池健康状态的关系 22

4.3 实验条件与数据分析 23

4.4 基于多项式模型的燃料电池健康状态预测 23

4.4.1 多项式模型的建立 23

4.4.2 静态条件下燃料电池电化学阻抗谱的预测 24

4.4.3 动态条件下燃料电池电化学阻抗谱的预测 26

4.5 基于神经网络模型的燃料电池健康状态预测 30

4.5.1 神经网络模型的建立 30

4.5.2 静态条件下燃料电池电化学阻抗谱的预测 31

4.5.3 动态条件下燃料电池电化学阻抗谱的预测 33

4.6 本章小结 34

5、总结与展望 35

5.1 结论 35

5.2 展望 35

致 谢 37

参考文献 38

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