电动颈椎牵引椅控制系统设计

论文总字数：33774字

摘 要

随着医疗器械的发展，医疗器械的自动化也越来越完善，电动颈椎牵引椅现有许多控制系统成本都较高，对此，本文提出以单片机为核心，控制两个电动推杆，一组电动推杆实现牵引力的施加，另一组电动推杆控制电动颈椎牵引椅的俯仰角度，最终实现颈椎牵引过程的控制。

本文基于Proteus进行原理图设计，根据Proteus中的电子元件特性模拟了电动颈椎牵引椅控制系统的传感器，利用Proteus与KEIL的联合调试进行仿真分析，并进行PCB设计。主要工作为对电动颈椎牵引椅的控制系统的外部控制电路，内部控制电路以及电源电路进行设计，以及手持操作器外观进行设计，同时完成程序编写。

将控制系统分为手持操作器设计、主控制器设计，及电源模块设计。将手持操作器分为三个模块，分别是输入模块、显示模块、单片机控制模块；电机控制模块分为传感器采集模块、电机驱动模块、单片机模块；电源模块需要输出12V、5V电压，满足控制系统的电源需求。利用KEIL编写程序，并利用Proteus进行系统仿真验证了所设计控制系统的有效性。

关键词：电动颈椎牵引椅；控制系统；电动推杆；单片机；Proteus

Design of Control System with Cervical Vertebra Traction

02011420Li Xiaomei

Supervised by Dou Jianping

Abstract：With the development of society, more and more people suffer from cervical spondylosis. There are two methods of treatment for cervical spondylosis, surgical treatment and non-operative treatment, traction treatment is an important method for the non-operative treatment. The electric cervical vertebra traction is a kind of medical instrument for treating cervical spondylosis, which is applied in the hospital, family and community. It is considered that the external force of cervical spine can clear the meridians and collaterals, and it is a conservative treatment for cervical spondylosis.

With the development of medical equipment and the automation of medical equipment is becoming more and more popular, and the cost of many control systems for electric cervical vertebra traction is high. In this paper, we use the microcontroller to control two linear actuators.

The schematic diagram is designed by software Proteus. According to the characteristics of the electronic components in Proteus, the force is simulated. The simulation of control system is carried out with Proteus and KEIL, and the PCB is designed by the software Proteus. The main job is to design the external control circuit, the internal control circuit, power circuit, and the controller, as well as complete the program.

The control system is divided into the external controller, the motor controller and the power supply module. The design of the controller is divided into the input module, the display module, the microcontroller. The motor control module is divided into sensor acquisition module, motor driver module, and the microcontroller. According to the demand, the power module needs to output 5V, 12V voltage. The software KEIL is used to program the control codes, the Proteus is utilized to simulate control system and is to verify the effectiveness of the designed control system.

Keywords: Cervical Vertebra Traction; Linear Actuator；Microcontrollers；Proteus

目录

第一章绪论 3

1.1 引言 3

1.2 研究背景及国内外研究现状 3

1.3 研究目的和主要研究内容 3

1.4 本文结构 3

第二章电动颈椎牵引椅控制系统总体框架与结构 3

2.1 机械结构概述 3

2.2 系统控制需求分析 3

2.2.1功能或行为需求 3

2.2.2外部界面需求 3

2.2.3性能需求 3

2.3 系统框图 3

2.4 电路仿真与设计软件介绍 3

2.4.1电路绘制仿真软件 3

2.4.2Keil uvision 3

2.5 本章小结 3

第三章手持操作器设计 3

3.1 手持操作器界面 3

3.2手持操作器电路设计 3

3.2.1 手持操作器设计思路 3

3.2.2 手持操作器设计原理 3

3.2.3 手持操作器电路原理图 3

3.3手持操作器程序设计 3

3.3.1 程序流程框图设计 3

3.3.2手持操作器程序设计说明 3

3.4本章小结 3

第四章主控制器设计 3

4.1主控制器外观 3

4.2主控制器电路设计 3

4.2.1 主控制器设计思路 3

4.2.2 主控制器设计原理 3

4.2.3 主控制器电路原理图 3

4.3 主控制器程序设计 3

4.3.1主控制器程序框图 3

4.3.2 主控制器程序设计说明 3

4.4 本章小结 3

第五章电源电路与系统仿真 3

5.1电源电路 3

5.1.1 设计思路 3

5.1.2 设计原理 3

5.1.3 硬件选型 3

5.1.4 电路原理图 3

5.2 系统仿真与验证 3

5.3 本章小结 3

第六章结论与展望 3

5.1 工作总结 3

5.2 重要结论 3

5.3 展望 3

致谢 3

参考文献： 3

附录A 控制器程序 3

附录B 电机控制模块程序 3

第一章 绪论

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