高速离心泵结构总体设计及主轴动力学分析

 2022-01-27 15:54:34

论文总字数:24476字

摘 要

高速离心泵是一种特殊的离心泵,其基本原理和普通的离心泵相似,但是它的过流部件和结构与一般的离心泵有些差异。与普通离心泵相比,具有结构紧凑、泵零件的通用性强、工作可靠、轴向力小、寿命长、扬程曲线平坦等特点,现在已被广泛用于航天航空、石油化工、化肥、制药等行业。高速离心泵应用于小流量高扬程的场合,其基本组成部件有同轴式两级齿轮增速箱、双端面机械自封、自带润滑油泵、叶轮和泵体等。本研究目的是根据要求设计出合适的高速离心泵,并对泵主轴运动特性进行研究分析。

本文对高速离心泵进行主要零部件参数设计,并进行总体结构设计,该设计仿照胜达因公司的LMV-311型高速离心泵结构,并根据所给参数对过流部件,加速装置,润滑及密封系统等结构进行设计,最终设计出单级单吸立式高速离心泵。

本课题以高速离心泵主轴的动力学建模为关键问题,在参数设计的基础上,分析离心泵主轴在转动过程中其运动学、动力学性能以及稳定性。离心泵在运作过程中,主轴受力非常复杂,受到由重量、叶轮旋转造成的离心力及叶轮外缘力不平衡造成的附加径向力的作用,在轴承处还受到静态支撑力和动态支撑力的作用。

进行主轴动力学分析主要利用Adams软件,先建立好主轴动力学模型,再根据其受力情况添加驱动力,观察其运动情况,分析其运动学、动力学性能以及稳定性。

关键词:高速离心泵;结构设计;动力学分析

Overall Structural Design of High Speed Centrifugal Pump And Spindle Dynamics Analysis

02009437 Wang Peiyu

Supervised by Lin Xiaohui

Abstract:

High speed centrifugal pump is a special centrifugal pump, its basic principles are similar to common centrifugal pump, but its flow components and structure have some differences with common centrifugal pump. Compared with common centrifugal pump, it has advantages such as compact structure, strong currency, reliable operation, small axial force, long life time, plat capacity-head curve. Now it has been widely used in aerospace, petrochemical, fertilizer, pharmaceutical and other industries. High speed centrifugal pump is applied in the occasion of low flow and high head. its basic components are coaxial two-stage accelerating gearbox, double mechanical seal, build-in oil pump, impeller, casing and so on. The purpose of this study is to design an appropriate high speed centrifugal pump according to the requirements, and analyze the motion characteristics of pump spindle.

This paper designs the main components parameters of the high-speed centrifugal pump, and carries on the overall structure design. The design models after the structure of LMV-311 high speed centrifugal pump of Sundyne company, and according to the given parameters, design the flow components, accelerating device, lubrication and sealing system, finally design a single-stage single-suction vertical centrifugal pump.

This subject sees the spindle dynamics modeling of high speed centrifugal pump as a key problem, on the basis of parameter design, analyze the kinematic and dynamic performance and stability of centrifugal pump shaft in the process of rotation. In the operation of centrifugal pump, the spindle force is very complex. It concludes its weight, the centrifugal force caused by rotation of the impeller and the additional radial force due to unbalanced force of the impeller, it also influenced by the static and dynamic support forces at the bearings.

Main spindle dynamics analysis is supported by the software Adams , spindle dynamics model is established first, driving forces are added according to the stress condition, then observe the movement , analyze the kinematics and dynamics performance and stability.

Key words: High speed centrifugal pump;Structural design;Dynamics analysis

目录

1、绪论 1

1.1离心泵的介绍 1

1.1.1离心泵的概述 1

1.1.2 离心泵的分类 1

1.1.3 离心泵的结构 2

1.1.4离心泵的主要工作参数 2

1.2高速离心泵的发展及研究概述 3

1.3高速离心泵的结构和工作原理 4

2、高速离心泵总体结构设计 6

2.1泵主要参数和结构方案的确定 6

2.1.1原动机选择 6

2.1.2泵进出口直径确定 6

2.1.3气蚀计算 7

2.1.4计算比转速ns,确定泵的水力方案 7

2.1.5泵的效率 7

2.1.6确定功率 7

2.2泵轴径和叶轮尺寸计算 8

2.2.1叶轮主要几何参数介绍 8

2.2.2轴径和轮毂直径 8

2.2.3叶轮主要尺寸计算 8

2.2.4叶片参数计算 9

2.3诱导轮的水力设计 10

2.3.1诱导轮参数 10

2.3.2叶片数z 10

2.3.3进口流量系数φind和叶尖直径Dt 10

2.3.4进出口叶片安装角βi1和βi2 10

2.3.5进出口轮毂比Rd1和Rd2 11

2.3.6叶栅稠度τ和叶片节距t 11

2.3.7前缘包角θ1和叶尖包角θ2 11

2.3.8叶尖间隙Δt和叶片厚度δ 12

2.4其他过流部件的设计 12

2.4.1压水室的设计 12

2.4.2吸水室的设计 12

2.5增速装置的设计 13

2.5.1增速方式的选择 13

2.5.2低速级齿轮设计 13

2.5.3高速级齿轮设计 15

2.5.4轴径的选择 17

2.6润滑系统的设计 17

2.6.1润滑方式选择 17

2.6.2齿轮润滑 18

2.6.3轴承润滑 18

2.6.4润滑系统及其主要部件 18

2.7轴承和键的选择 19

2.7.1轴承选用 19

2.7.2 键的选用 20

2.8泵体及其部件的密封设计 21

2.8.1密封概述 21

2.8.2叶轮密封 21

2.8.3泵体密封 21

2.8.4轴封设计 21

2.8.5机械密封主要参数 22

2.8.6机械密封具体结构 22

2.8.7机械密封辅助措施 23

3、高速离心泵主轴的动力学分析 24

3.1高速离心泵主轴的受力分析 24

3.1.1高速轴受力计算 24

3.1.2高速轴受力图 24

3.2高速离心泵主轴基于Adams的动力学分析 25

3.2.1高速离心泵主轴动力学建模 25

3.2.2高速离心泵主轴动力学分析 26

3.2.3主轴强度校核 26

3.2.4校核轴的强度 27

4、总结 28

致 谢 28

参考文献: 29

高速离心泵总体结构设计及主轴动力学分析

1、绪论

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