纯电动汽车电池模块热特性的研究

论文总字数：30297字

摘 要

本文通过查阅相关文献和手册了解电池的结构，确定材料物性参数，参考前面的研究进行合理简化，用Solidworks进行实体建模并检验模型的正确性。了解电池的发热机理，从而选定仿真所要使用的热模型。

然后对实体模型用ICEM CFD软件进行网格划分，根据电池充放电所得数据，参考文献拟合出所需变量与电池状态（SOC）的函数曲线。

利用仿真软件Fluent进行计算，对于单体电池仿真其在0.5C、1.0C、1.5C放电倍率的放热情况，得到相关的监测数据和温度云图，总结分析放热规律和温度分布规律。对于电池模块则仿真其在1.0C倍率下自然冷却和1.5C放电倍率自然冷却和风冷冷却时放热情况，同样得到其温度云图和相关数据，并且分析其规律和冷却效果。

最后，提出相应的冷却方案，并通过仿真来检验是否合理。

关键词：锂离子电池，电池模块，温度云图，温度分布，冷却，Fluent

The Research of Electric Vehicle Battery Module Thermal Characteristics

02012226 Zhiwei Sun

Supervised by Nan Chen

Abstract：It is estimated that in the next few decades, the number of automobiles will increase from 700 million to 250 million. In order to ease the destruction to the environment caused by the using of mineral fuel, it is essential to the develop the PEV (pure electric vehicles) which uses renewable energy resources. And the lithium battery is the most used technic in pure electric vehicles. However, large amount of heat is produced when the lithium ion battery works at high rate working condition, and utilization rate and service life of the lithium ion battery can be greatly improved when the heat problem is solved.

In this paper, with study of relevant literature and manual to investigate the structure of the battery, and determine the physical parameters of its materials. With the reference of previous research, reasonable simplification of the battery mode will be made, also, modeling and testing of the model will be done with the software, Solidworks. After the process, have a clearly understand of the heating mechanism of the battery, a suitable thermal model will be selected for simulation.

Then use the CFD ICEM software to divide the solid model into grid, and according to both the battery charge/discharge experiment data and the data from references, the function curve of the required variables and battery state (SOC) will be fitted.

Using the FLUENT software to simulate of the single battery’s exotherm at different discharge rates of 0.5c 1.0c, 1.5C. And with the result of related monitoring data and temperature contours, to summarize and analyze the law of heat releasement and temperature distribution. Furthermore, the battery module will be simulated at 1.0C discharged rate under natural cooling and 1.5C discharge rate under both natural cooling condition and air cooling condition to analyze the exothermic rules and the cooling effect with the temperature charts and related data.

Finally, the corresponding cooling scheme is proposed, and will be test the practicability with the simulation.

Keywords: lithium battery；Battery Module；temperature contours；heating mechanism；ICEM CFD

目录

1. 绪论 1

1.1. 课题研究意义及背景 1

1.2. 锂离子电池的结构和优点 1

1.3. 锂离子电池的工作原理和发热机理 2

1.3.1. 电池参数 2

1.3.2. 电池工作原理 3

1.3.3. 电池发热机理 3

1.4. 锂离子电池热模型分类 4

1.5. 热模型传热基础 5

1.6. 本文的主要研究内容 6

2. 单体电池的充放电实验 7

2.1. 单体电池的充放电实验 7

2.1.1. 实验原理与实验步骤 8

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