论文总字数：21475字

摘 要

目前，第三次土地调查正在按照相关计划有条不紊地进行，三调要求数据库上图时，取消线状地物，要以图斑形式，对实地大于等于2米的线状地物上图。这意味着，如果纯靠人工跟进线状地物图斑化进程，将会耗费大量的人力，效率低下。而ArcGIS作为一款强大的数据处理、图形编辑和综合分析软件，自问世起就得到了广泛地应用，特别是地理信息分析处理方面，与此同时，遥感技术不断发展，高分辨率遥感影像具有丰富的空间几何、结构信息，其获取、处理技术日趋成熟。

基于此，本文研究了如何结合高空间分辨率的遥感影像，以ArcGIS软件为工具，通过具体实验，解决第三次土地调查过程中的常见的图斑处理问题，主要内容包括：先以影像为参考，手动提取数据中的不一致图斑；然后，结合地物具体情况，通过缓冲区分析或直接勾画的方法将线状地物图斑化；最后，实现新图斑与原始图斑的融合，使图面变得整洁。

通过实验，将处理好的数据图斑与原始遥感影像进行对比，进行目视解译，发现经过图斑化的线状地物与影像原始地物符合度较高。实验证明，一方面，综合利用好遥感影像的空间地物信息与ArcGIS软件的数据分析处理功能，能大大提高工作效率，减少人力投入。另一方面，还应寻求更加自动化、简洁化的方式去进行不一致图斑的提取、线状地物图斑化、图斑融合等工作。

关键词：第三次土地调查，ArcGIS应用，不一致图斑提取，线状地物，图斑融合

Abstract

At present, the third national land survey is being carried out in an orderly manner according to the plan. The regulation of the third national land survey clearly requires that the linear features should be cancelled, and the linear features more than 2metres in the field should be mapped in the form of patches. This means that if we follow up the patch process of linear topographic maps manually, it will consume a lot of manpower and be inefficient. As a powerful software for data processing, graphic editing and comprehensive analysis, ArcGIS has been widely applied since its inception, especially in the analysis and processing of geographic information. At the same time, with the rapid development of remote sensing technology, high-resolution remote sensing images have abundant spatial geometry and structure information, and their acquisition and processing technology is becoming more and more mature.

Based on this, this paper studies how to combine remote sensing images with high spatial resolution with the tool of ArcGIS software, through specific experiments, to solve the common problems in the process of the third national land survey. The main contents include: first of all, take the image as a reference, manually extract the inconsistent spots in the data; then, combined with the specific situation of the ground, the linear feature is patchy by buffer analysis or direct sketch. And finally, integrate the new patches with the original patches, so that the surface becomes neat.

Through experiments, the processed plaques and the original remote sensing images are compared with, and the visual interpretation is carried out.

It is found that the linear features processed are in good agreement with the original images. According to experiments, on the one hand, if we make good use of the spatial features information of remote sensing images and the data analysis and processing function of ArcGIS software, our work efficiency can be greatly improved and the investment of manpower will be greatly reduced. On the other hand, more automated and concise methods should be sought to extract inconsistent patches, change the linear features into patches and patch fusion.

KEY WORDS：The third national land survey，The application of ArcGIS ，Inconsistent patch extraction，Linear features; Patch fusion

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

目 录 i

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1 第三次土地调查的数据库建设 2

1.2.2 国内外研究现状 3

1.3主要内容与章节安排 4

第二章 不一致图斑提取 6

2.1不一致图斑类型 6

2.2 不一致图斑提取重点 6

2.3 不一致图斑提取方法 7

2.4 本章小结 8

第三章 线状地物图斑化的原则与方法 9

3.1 线状地物图斑化有关规定及影响分析 9

3.2 线状地物图斑化流程与原则 10

3.2.1 线状地物与地类图斑的关系 10

3.2.2 线状地物图斑化流程 10

3.2.3 线状地物图斑化的原则与注意点 12

3.2.4 线状地物图斑化的方法 13

3.3 图斑融合 14

3.4 本章小结 14

第四章 实证研究 16

4.1 实验前期准备 16

4.2 不一致图斑提取 17

4.3 线状地物图斑化 18

4.4 图斑融合 22

4.5 本章小结 22

第五章 总结与展望 23

5.1 本文的工作总结 23

5.2 反思与展望 24

参考文献 25

致 谢 26

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