无线电能传输系统负载匹配及负载调控研究

论文总字数：25706字

摘 要

有线电能传输在百年的使用中暴露了一系列的问题，无线电能传输被视为能够取代有线传输的新式电能传输方式。磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输（Magnetic Resonance Coupling Wireless Power Transfer，以下简称MCR-WPT）作为一种新兴的无线电能传输技术，相比于其他无线电能传输技术存在传输距离、传输方向性等方面的优势，是无线电能传输领域研究最热门的的研究方向，其应用前景受到了相关行业的广泛关注和期待。

MCR-WPT系统的传输效率是极为重要的系统参数，研究表明，MCR-WPT系统的传输效率随着传输距离的增加大幅下降。使系统处于阻抗匹配的状态可以有效提高系统效率，因此本文主要针对系统的阻抗匹配进行研究，找到一种方便有效的实现系统阻抗匹配的方法。

本文首先对MCR-WPT系统进行了理论研究，针对双线圈和四线圈系统两种最为常见的MCR-WPT传输系统，分别分析了各自四种拓扑结构谐振电容的表达式。其中SS结构和SSSS结构的谐振电容表达式更为简单，有利于系统传输特性的研究分析。对双线圈和四线圈系统传输特性的研究发现，双线圈系统的传输特性更有利于阻抗匹配的研究。

然后本文针对双线圈系统的阻抗匹配方法进行了研究，得到了双线圈系统阻抗匹配的理论基础。然后对目前双线圈系统常用的阻抗匹配方法即基于LC电路的阻抗匹配和基于DC-DC变换的阻抗匹配分别进行了分析，二者各有特点，都能够满足系统阻抗匹配的要求。

最后，本文在Simulink中搭建了基于LC电路的MCR-WPT系统阻抗匹配的模型，通过控制电容阵列投切改变匹配电路的参数，实现系统的阻抗匹配。为了得到匹配电路的参数值，通过检测系统等效输入阻抗，采用查表搜索的方法得到相应的参数。本文利用仿真验证了在没有达到阻抗匹配的情况下系统可以识别输入阻抗并投入相应的电容实现阻抗匹配。

关键词：无线电能传输，磁耦合谐振，阻抗匹配，电容投切

Abstract

Wired power transmission has exposed a series of problems in its 100-year use. Wireless power transfer is an emerging way of transmitting power in the future that is considered to replace wireless transmission. Magnetic Resonance Coupling Wireless Power Transfer (MCR-WPT) is an emerging wireless energy transmission technology. Compared with other wireless energy transmission technologies, it has advantages in transmission distance and transmission directivity. It is the hottest research direction in the field of radio energy transmission, and its application prospect has been widely concerned and expected by related industries.

The transmission efficiency of the MCR-WPT system is an extremely important system parameter. Research shows that the transmission efficiency of the MCR-WPT system decreases drastically with the increase of the transmission distance. Making the system in impedance matching can effectively improve the system efficiency. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the impedance matching of the system and finds a convenient and effective method to achieve system impedance matching.

In this paper, the MCR-WPT system is theoretically studied. The expressions of the four kinds of topological resonant capacitors are analyzed for the two most common MCR-WPT transmission systems in the two-coil and four-coil systems. The expression of the resonant capacitor of the SS structure and the SSSS structure is simpler, which is beneficial to the research and analysis of the transmission characteristics of the system. The study of the transmission characteristics of the two-coil and four-coil systems found that the transmission characteristics of the two-coil system are more conducive to the study of impedance matching.

Then the paper studies the impedance matching method of the double coil system and obtains the theoretical basis of the impedance matching of the double coil system. Then, the impedance matching methods commonly used in the current two-coil system, namely impedance matching based on LC circuit and impedance matching based on DC-DC conversion, are analyzed respectively. Both have their own characteristics and can meet the requirements of system impedance matching.

Finally, this paper builds a model of impedance matching of MCR-WPT system based on LC circuit in Simulink. By controlling the parameters of the capacitor array to change the parameters of the matching circuit, the impedance matching of the system is realized. In order to obtain the parameter value of the matching circuit, by detecting the equivalent input impedance of the system, the corresponding parameter is obtained by using a table lookup search method. The simulation proves that the system can recognize the input impedance and input the corresponding capacitor to achieve impedance matching without impedance matching.

KEY WORDS: wireless power transfer，magnetic coupling resonance，impedance matching，capacitance switching

目 录

摘 要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2 MCR-WPT的研究过程和现状 2

1.3本文研究内容和章节安排 4

第二章 MCR-WPT系统建模研究 6

2.1 MCR-WPT系统的建模方法 6

2.1.1双线圈无线电能传输系统的建模分析 7

2.1.2四线圈无线电能传输系统的建模分析 9

2.2双线圈系统和四线圈系统的比较分析 11

2.3双线圈系统的Simulink建模 12

2.4本章小节 12

第三章 阻抗匹配理论分析 14

3.1引言 14

3.2 MCR-WPT系统阻抗匹配建模 14

3.3非分离式阻抗匹配 16

3.3.1基于LC电路的阻抗匹配 16

3.3.2基于DC-DC变换的阻抗匹配 18

3.4本章小结 19

第四章 基于电容阵列投切的阻抗匹配网络 20

4.1阻抗匹配系统主电路分析 20

4.1.1等效输入阻抗测量分析 22

4.1.2输入阻抗匹配表的分析 23

4.1.3阻抗匹配电路电容阵列控制分析 24

4.2系统阻抗匹配模型搭建 24

4.2.1阻抗检测模块建模仿真 24

4.2.2搜索表及电容阵列控制建模仿真 26

4.3系统自动阻抗匹配仿真分析 27

4.4本章小结 30

第五章 总结与展望 31

参考文献 32

致 谢 34

1. 绪论

1.1研究背景

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