论文总字数:24600字
摘 要
波浪能是一种新能源,开发和利用波浪能有利于可持续发展,可以很好的解决能源不足、能源利用的污染大等问题。目前对波浪能发电的研究及应用受到了广泛的关注。本文简单介绍了几种波浪能发电装置。直驱式波浪发电无需中间装置因此效率较高,目前研究较多。本文对应用于直驱式波浪发电的圆筒型永磁直线电机的原理、结构设计、有限元仿真、优化设计等方面进行了研究。
文章简单介绍了直线电机的演变过程、结构、种类。在此基础上设计了一种圆筒型永磁直线发电机,对其主要尺寸、定子绕组、电磁负荷、电机材料、充磁方式进行了分析和设计,采用了性能较好的halbach充磁方法。利用有限元分析软件Maxwell 建立了圆筒型永磁直线电机的有限元仿真模型,对其进行了分析,分析了电机空载时的磁场、空载反电动势。还对直线电机进行了负载分析,分析了负载的端电压及输出功率特性,选定了额定负载。
文章除了对发电机进行电磁设计及分析外,还分析了直线电机的定位力产生的原因,包括边端力及齿槽力及它们相对的抑制方法。通过有限元仿真分析了定位力与极弧系数的关系,选定了合适的极弧系数,优化了电机的结构。
关键词:直驱式波浪发电,圆筒型永磁直线发电机,电机设计,有限元法,定位力。
Abstract
Wave energy is a kind of pollution-free renewable energy. Developing and utilizing wave energy can alleviate the problems of energy shortage and pollution caused by energy utilization. At present, the research and application of wave power generation have been widely concerned. This paper briefly introduces several wave energy generating devices. Direct drive wave power generation has high efficiency because it does not need intermediate device. This paper analyzes the principle, structure design, finite element simulation, optimization design and other aspects of the tubular permanent magnet linear motor used for direct drive wave power generation.
This paper introduces the evolution, structure and types of linear motor. On this basis, a tubular permanent magnet linear generator is designed, and its main size, stator winding, electromagnetic load, motor material and magnetization method are analyzed and designed. Halbach magnetization method with better performance is adopted. The finite element simulation model of linear motor was established by using the finite element analysis software Maxwell, and its electromagnetic performance was analyzed. In this paper, the no-load magnetic field and no-load counter electromotive force of the motor were analyzed. The load of linear motor is analyzed, the terminal voltage and output power characteristics are analyzed, and the rated load is selected.
In addition to the electromagnetic design and analysis of the generator, this paper also analyses the causes of the detent force of the linear motor, including the edge force and the cogging force and their relative suppression methods. The relationship between the detent force and the pole arc coefficient is analyzed by using finite element simulation. The appropriate pole arc coefficient is selected and the structure of the motor is optimized.
Key words:Direct drive wave power generation,Tubular permanent magnet linear generator,Motor design,The finite element method,Detent force
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1课题的背景及研究的意义: 1
1.2波浪发电的类型: 2
1.2.1振荡水柱式: 2
1.2.2筏式: 3
1.2.3振荡浮子式: 3
1.2.4直驱式: 4
1.3应用于直驱式波浪发电的直线电机: 4
1.4本文主要研究内容: 5
第二章 圆筒型永磁直线电机的设计 5
2.1直线电机简介: 6
2.2电机主要尺寸的设计: 6
2.3定子绕组的设计: 7
2.4电磁负荷的选择: 8
2.5电机的材料选择: 8
2.5.1定子和动子的材料选择: 8
2.5.2永磁材料的选择: 9
2.6充磁方式的选择: 9
2.7初步设计结果: 11
第三章 圆筒型永磁直线发电机的有限元仿真模型 13
3.1电磁场有限元分析原理: 13
3.2 Maxwell软件介绍: 13
3.3电机有限元仿真模型的建立: 14
3.4电机基本特性的分析: 15
3.4.1电机空载磁场分析: 15
3.4.2电机定位力分析: 16
第四章 圆筒型永磁直线发电机定位力优化 18
4.1定位力的产生原因及优化方法: 18
4.1.1边端力: 18
4.1.2齿槽力: 19
4.2电机的定位力优化: 20
4.2.1定位力与极弧系数的关系: 20
4.2.2定位力与定子边端齿宽度的关系: 22
4.3定位力优化前后电机的性能对比: 23
4.3.1优化前后定位力的对比: 23
4.3.2优化前后空载气隙磁密的对比: 24
4.3.3优化前后空载反电动势的对比: 25
第五章 圆筒型永磁直线发电机的空载及负载分析 28
5.1直线电机结构: 28
5.1.1直线电机的有限元仿真模型: 28
5.1.2直线电机的参数: 28
5.2电机的空载分析: 29
5.2.1空载磁场分析: 29
5.2.2空载反电动势: 31
5.3电机的负载分析: 32
5.3.1电机的输出特性分析: 32
5.3.2额定负载时的磁场分析: 34
5.3.3额定负载时的端电压分析: 36
5.3.4额定负载时的电磁力分析: 37
结论 38
参考文献 39
致 谢 40
第一章 绪论
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