论文总字数：31733字

摘 要

随着变电站通信技术的不断发展和智能电子设备的大规模应用，以IEC 61850标准为基础的智能变电站应运而生，这也意味着传统变电站正在逐步完成向数字化、智能化方向的转变。智能变电站的体系结构和传统变电站在系统结构通信方式等方面有着重大的区别，针对智能变电站中相关智能设备的测试以及系统行为仿真等技术一直是人们关注和研究的重点。

本设计在对智能变电站实时数字仿真的方法、智能设备的测试、智能变电站的通信体系及其通信规约进行深入研究的基础上，设计了基于FPGA和IEC 61850标准的实时数字仿真数据转换接口，以便于利用数字仿真技术进行智能设备的测试。

本设计以典型电网模型为基础，进行各种运行与故障行为仿真计算，采用高性能的FPGA为核心部件，通过开发基于PC主站的仿真数据传输程序以及基于Xilinx公司的ARTIX-7系列FPGA芯片及IEC61850 9-2标准的SMV报文转换接口，成功实现了智能变电站间隔层实时数字仿真转换接口。为满足实时性要求，重点考虑了数据高速缓冲、SMV报文参数整定以及通信定时等问题。在PC主站通过软件平台重点对典型电力线路及变压器典型故障情况下的行为进行模拟测试，将仿真数据送入智能电子设备，研究设备的动作情况并利用录波装置对转换接口输出数据的波形进行分析。

最终测试结果表明，本文设计的实时数字仿真转换接口完全满足智能变电站对实时性和同步性的要求。

关键词：智能变电站,实时数字仿真,数据转换接口,FPGA,IEC 61850标准

Abstract

With the continuous development of substation communication technology and the large-scale application of intelligent electronic equipment, intelligent substations based on IEC 61850 standards have emerged, which means that traditional substations are gradually completing the transition to digital and intelligent. There are significant differences between the architecture of intelligent substation and the traditional substation, since that the technology of testing and system behavior simulation of intelligent devices in intelligent substation has always been the focus of attention and research.

In this paper, the implementation of the real-time digital simulation data conversion interface on account of FPGA and IEC 61850 standard are on the basis of intensive studying on digital simulation method of smart substation, the testing of intelligent equipment, the communication system of intelligent substation and its communication protocol .The raw data generated by the real-time digital simulation system is converted into SMV messages required by the smart device to facilitate testing of the smart device.

Based on the typical grid model, this design performs various simulations of operation and fault behavior, using high-performance FPGA as the core component, and develops the simulation data network communication protocol based on PC master station. The SMV message conversion interface of the intelligent substation interval has achieved by developping a real-time digital simulation conversion interface based on IEC61850 9-2 standard and the ARTIX-7 series FPGA of Xilinx. In order to meet the real-time requirements, the data cache, SMV message parameter tuning and communication timing are considered. In the PC master station, the behavior of typical power lines and transformers under typical fault conditions is simulated through the software platform, and the simulation data is obtained and then sent to both various automatic equipments and relay protection devices of the substation to observe the operation of each device and verify the correctness of the data conversion interface.

The final test results show that the real-time digital simulation conversion interface designed in this paper fully meets the requirements of real-time and synchronization of intelligent substation.

KEY WORDS: real-time digital simulation, intelligent substation, data conversion interface,IEC 61850 standard

目 录

摘 要 1

Abstract 2

第一章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2智能变电站结构及通信规约 1

1.2.1智能变电站结构 1

1.2.2 IEC 61850标准概述 2

1.3变电站实时数字仿真方法的研究现状 4

1.4实时仿真数据转换接口的研究现状 5

1.5本文的研究目的和主要的研究方法 6

第二章 实时数字仿真系统的建模与仿真 8

2.1智能变电站实时数字仿真系统的建模 8

2.2智能变电站实时数字仿真数据的仿真 11

2.3本章小结 12

第三章 实时数字仿真转换接口的设计实现 14

3.1数据转换接口所采用的硬件平台 15

3.2 FPGA与PC主站通信接口的实现方案 16

3.2.1 PC主站数据传输的实现方法 16

3.2.2 FPGA数据接收与发送功能的实现 21

3.3 FPGA与智能设备的通信接口设计 30

3.4 实时仿真数据转换功能的实现 31

3.5本章小结 36

第四章 实时数字仿真转换接口的功能测试与分析 37

4.1针对转换的仿真测试 37

4.2针对转换接口的功能测试 38

4.2本章小结 41

第五章 总结与展望 42

5.1本文总结 42

5.2展望 42

参考文献 44

致 谢 47

第一章 绪论

1.1引言

随着基于IEC 61850标准的智能电网技术的广泛应用，针对智能电网特别是智能变电站系统中相关的智能设备的测试、系统行为仿真等技术一直是人们关注的问题之一。

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