论文总字数:24131字
摘 要
三相电压型逆变器(Three Phase Voltage Source Inverter,VSI)在生活中应用极其广泛,虽然我们在平时生活中不能直观地看到逆变器的存在,但实际上,在供电电源、新能源汽车以及新能源发电等领域,逆变器都有着至关重要的作用,是工业领域和居民生活中不可或缺的设备。
逆变器的正常高效运作,离不开科学合理的控制算法的支持,所以要想提高逆变器的工作效率,进而提高逆变器产出更多符合我们需求产物的质量,我们需要设置科学的逆变器控制算法,这在系统设计中是非常重要的。但是,逆变器是时变的系统,而且耦合程度较高的程序控制系统,我们所熟知的传统的比例积分(Proportional Integral,PI)算法,无法对这类系统实现真正意义上的无静差跟踪。这时,我们需要寻求其他更加合理的控制算法,对逆变器系统进行更加合理有效的控制。本文以三相电压型逆变器为研究对象,对模型预测控制算法下的VSI模型进行了研究,主要的内容如下:
在文章的开始,讨论了控制理论的发展背景、现状及其发展前景,比较了模型预测控制算法与其他控制算法的特点与适用场合,分析了MPC算法的优势所在。其次,建立了三相VSI系统的离散模型,利用Clark变换将逆变器三相ABC模型转换为两相模型。在此基础上,建立了VSI的预测控制流程图,构建了预测控制算法的评估函数。最后,在MATLAB中的Simulink仿真模块中,搭建了三相电压型逆变器仿真模型,对于三相逆变器负载电流的输出特性进行了分析,验证了模型预测控制算法能够使负载电流精确跟踪参考电流。
关键词:电压型逆变器,模型预测控制,比例积分,Clark变换,MATLAB,Simulink
ABSTRACT
Three Phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) is widely used in life. Although we can't visually see the existence of the inverter in normal life, in fact, in the power supply, new energy In the automotive and new energy generation fields, inverters play a vital role and are indispensable equipment in the industrial field and in the lives of residents. The normal and efficient operation of the inverter is inseparable from the support of scientific and reasonable control algorithms.
Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of the inverter and improve the output of the inverter more in line with the quality of our products, we need to set the inverse. The reasonable control algorithm of the transformer is one of the very key links in the system design. However, the inverter is time-varying, and the highly coupled program control system, the well-known traditional Proportional Integral (PI) algorithm, cannot achieve true senseless tracking of such systems. At this time, we need to find other more reasonable control algorithms to make more reasonable and effective control of the inverter system. In the paper, we take the three-phase voltage inverter as the research object, and study the model prediction control algorithm of VSI. The main contents are as follows:
Firstly, we discuss the development background, current situation and development prospects of control theory. The characteristics and application scenarios of model predictive control algorithm and other control algorithms are compared. The advantages of MPC algorithm are analyzed. Secondly, a discrete model of the three-phase VSI system is established. The three-phase ABC model of the inverter is converted into a two-phase model by Clark transform. On this basis, the VSI predictive control flow chart is established and the evaluation function of the predictive control algorithm is constructed. Finally, in the Simulink simulation module in MATLAB, a three-phase voltage inverter simulation model is established, and the output characteristics of the three-phase inverter load current are analyzed. It is verified that the model predictive control algorithm can make the load current track the reference current accurately.
KEY WORDS: Model predictive control,voltage type inverter,Clark transform, MATLAB,Simulink
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1课题研究背景 1
1.2模型预测控制算法背景 2
1.3国内外研究现状 3
第二章 模型预测控制 7
2.1算法特点 7
2.1.1算法基本组成 7
2.1.2 FCS-MPC控制原理 9
2.1.3算法优点 10
2.2发展前景 10
第三章 三相电压型逆变器 12
3.1电压型逆变器控制策略的现状 12
3.1.1比例积分微分控制 12
3.1.2滞环控制 13
3.1.3自适应控制 13
3.1.4预测控制 13
3.2三相电压型逆变器模型 14
3.2.1电路模型 14
3.2.2空间电压矢量 15
3.3负载数学模型 16
第四章 三相逆变器模型预测控制策略 18
4.1三相逆变器模型预测控制原理 18
4.2三相逆变器模型预测评估函数 19
4.2.1 Clark变换 19
4.2.2评估函数 20
第五章 仿真结果分析 21
5.1动态特性与静态特性分析 21
5.2采样频率与负载波形分析 24
5.3三相负载与负载波形 27
5.3.1电阻对负载波形的影响 27
5.3.2电感对负载波形的影响 28
5.3.3负载参数变化对THD的影响 29
第六章 结论 31
参考文献 32
致 谢 34
附录 35
绪论
1.1课题研究背景
目前,煤炭、天然气和石油等不可再生能源仍然是世界各国的主要能源 [1-2]。但近些年来的科学研究对全球已知能源的储备现状进行了预测,煤炭的储量、石油和天然气的储量还能供人类使用100年左右,能源匮乏问题日益凸显。除此之外,传统能源同时也带来了许多环境问题,如温室效应加剧、臭氧层空洞、冰川融化等等[3],这些问题已经严重威胁到了人类的可持续发展。为了解决现在的环境问题以及能源危机问题,全球各国开始关注以风能、太阳能为首的绿色可再生能源,以谋求能源问题和人类发展的出路。
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