论文总字数：76431字

DISTANCE PROTECTION OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINES

A Dissertation Submitted to

Southeast University

For The Academic Degree of Bachelor of Engineering

DISTANCE PROTECTION OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINES

A Dissertation Submitted to

Southeast University

For The Academic Degree of Bachelor of Engineering

By

HASAN GHALEB ALI AL-YAZIDI

Supervised by

Prof. LU Yu-ping

SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY

June 2015

SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY

June 2015

School of Electrical Engineering

Southeast University

May, 2015

ABSTRACT

High voltage transmission lines play an important role in smart grid. Therefore, a proper protection must apply to protect this transmission lines. The distance protection has got widespread application in high voltage transmission lines relay protection due to its characteristics of being less effected by the system operation mode and structure. The distributed capacitance can cause high frequencies to the entire system when compared with small effects of resistance and inductance after the fault occurred in transmission lines. By using a suitable power system simulation program this effects can be filtered the high-frequencies and decay DC components. This thesis concluded and referenced the basic technology from internal china and abroad, using modern analysis and technique skills, making a theoretical study and practical explored based on fundamental frequency components performance of distance protection. The main ideas of this thesis can be given as below:

1. Introduce the basic principles of distance relay such as operation characteristics, implementation and the setting calculations of distance relay.

2.The MATALB software have been used to investigate an adaptive Fourier algorithm to filter out the high frequencies, decay DC components and maintain the fundamental frequency within specific time during the fault in transmission lines. Therefore, the requirements of the relay protection based on fundamental frequency are satisfied through the reduction of the high-frequencies influence. So, this thesis has discussed two types of Fourier algorithms and the differential filter.

3. To establish the model of power system transmission lines, the MATLAB/SIMULINK is used. The model includes the distribution parameters of the transmission lines module, voltage and current measurement modules, three phase fault module, and screen module and so on to complete the basic function of power system.

4. Finally, the behavior of distance protection during fault conditions along the transmission lines is verified by executing many types of faults such as symmetrical and unsymmetrical in the power system. The ohm and quadrilateral relay characteristics for the line protection are used to find the difference of the two characteristics during resistive fault.

Keywords: Distance protection; adaptive Fourier algorithm; fundamental frequency; High-frequencies; MATLAB/SIMULINK; relay characteristic

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT I

CONTENTS II

CHAPTER 1: INTRDUCTION 1

1.1 Introduction to Protective Relaying 1

1.1.1 Needs of Protective Relaying 1

1.1.2 Types of Protection Relays 2

1.2 The Main Problems and the Present Situation of Distance Protection 5

1.3 The Main Work of This Thesis 6

CHAPTER 2: DISTANCE PROTECTION OF TRANSMISSION LINES 8

2.1 Distance Protection Principles and Structure 8

2.1.1 The Measuring Impedance and Its Relation with Fault Distance 8

2.1.2 Selection of Measuring Voltage and Current in Actual Three Phase Power System 9

2.1.3 Distance Protection Performance During Different Types of Faults and Its Effects 10

2.2 Types of Impedance Relay Characteristics 14

2.2.1 Impedance Relay With Circular Characteristics 14

2.2.2 Line Characteristics Impedance Components 16

2.2.3 Typical Quadrilateral Characteristics 17

2.3 Setting Calculation of Distance Protection and Assessment to Distance

Protection 18

2.3.1 First Zone I Setting 18

2.3.2 Second Zone II Setting 19

2.2.3 Third Zone III Setting 21

2.4 Summary 22

CHAPTER 3: FILTER DESIGN 24

3.1 Brief Introduction To Filter 24

3.2 Brief Introuction To Fourier Series Algorithm 25

3.3 Fourier filter application 26

3.4 Differential filter 30

3. 5 Summary 31

CHAPTER 4: R—L MODEL ALGORITHM 33

4.1 Differential Model 33

4. 2 Fourier Impedance 35

4. 3 Impedance Algorithm 37

4. 4 Summary 37

CHAPTER 5: DISTANCE PROTECTION BASED ON MATLAB 39

5. 1 The Establishment of Simulation Model 39

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