基于谐波潮流的配网无功配置优化研究

论文总字数：29733字

摘 要

本文针对配电网中存在的谐波污染导致补偿设备损坏，系统电压失真，网损过大，影响电能质量甚至电网安全稳定运行等问题，进行了基于谐波潮流的配网无功配置优化的研究，提出建立基于谐波潮流的无功优化模型，并通过粒子群算法（PSO）进行求解。

首先，对配电网中的谐波潮流计算方法进行研究，通过分析谐波潮流分布的计算原理，建立谐波模型，并选择合适的谐波潮流计算模型和计算算法，根据配电网辐射状结构的特点，选择了较为合适的并联谐振阻抗模型，并以线性频域分析法作为计算模型，提出使用前推回代法计算。

其次，研究了粒子群算法的背景和原理，并提出了对公式的一定的改进方案以及部分参数的设置，例如惯性权重和加速因子的设置，提高了智能算法的收敛性和准确性。

然后，将所选择的算法结合电力系统模型，以基波和谐波潮流为等式约束，节点电压与THD为不等式约束，以电容器设备投资和电网网损所产生的运行费用最小为目标函数，建立基于谐波潮流的配网无功配置优化模型，以IEEE33节点作为算例，使用改进后的粒子群优化算法进行求解。

最后，对模型求解结果进行分析，以验证本文所提出的优化模型和求解方法的有效性和实用性，而最终的计算结果表明，该优化模型和求解算法能够提高系统的供电质量和运行经济性。

关键词：配电网；无功补偿；潮流计算；谐波；粒子群优化算法

Abstract

This paper addresses the problems in the distribution network of harmonic pollution causing damage to compensation equipment, system voltage distortion, excessive network loss, affecting power quality and even safe and stable operation of the power grid. Establish a reactive power optimization model based on harmonic power flow, and study the reactive power optimization of distribution network related to harmonic power flow, and solve it by particle swarm optimization.

Firstly, study the calculation method of harmonic power flow, analyze the calculation principle, establish an effective mathematical model, and select the appropriate harmonic power flow calculation model and calculation algorithm. For the characteristics of the structure, a more suitable parallel resonant impedance model is selected, and the linear frequency domain analysis method is used as the calculation model, and the forward push back method is used for calculation.

Secondly, the background and principle of particle swarm optimization are studied, and some improvement schemes for the formula and the setting of some parameters, like the setting of inertia weight and acceleration factor, are proposed to improve the convergence and accuracy of the intelligent algorithm.

Then, combine the selected algorithm with the power system model, with the fundamental wave and harmonic power flow as equality constraints, the node voltage and THD as the inequality constraints, and the minimum operating cost caused by capacitor equipment investment and objective function settinh as the grid loss. An optimization model based on harmonic power flow is established, using IEEE33 as an example, and the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for solving.

Finally, analyze the results to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the optimization model and solution method, and the final calculation results show that the optimization model and solution algorithm can improve the power supply quality and economic operation.

Keywords: Distribution network, Reactive power compensation, Power flow calculation, harmonic, Particle swarm optimization algorithm

目录

摘要I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论1

1.1 本论文的背景和意义1

1.1.1配电网谐波的现状1

1.1.2无功优化的研究现状1

1.2 本论文的主要内容2

1.3 本论文的结构安排2

第二章 配电网谐波潮流计算算法的研究4

2.1 配电网谐波潮流计算方法分析4

2.1.1 谐波潮流分布的计算原理4

2.1.2 建立综合负荷的谐波模型4

2.1.3 选择谐波潮流计算模型5

2.1.4 选择谐波潮流计算算法6

2.2 智能算法的选择和改进7

2.2.1 粒子群优化算法的来源和背景7

2.2.2 粒子群优化算法的原理8

2.2.3 粒子群优化算法的改进9

2.2.4 改进后的粒子群优化算法步骤12

2.3 本章小结13

第三章 建立考虑谐波因素的无功优化配置模型14

3.1 基于谐波潮流的配电网无功优化模型的搭建14

3.1.1 目标函数的确定14

3.1.2 等式约束15

3.1.3 不等式约束15

3.1.4 控制变量约束16

3.1.5 PSO算法具体实现步骤 16

3.2 算例分析18

3.2.1 IEEE33节点配电网无功优化计算分析18

3.2.2 带入PSO算法的实际求解19

3.2.3 实际分析谐波对配电网无功优化的影响19

3.3 本章小结31

第四章 结束语32

谢辞33

参考文献（References）34

第一章 绪论

1.1 本论文的背景和意义

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