论文总字数:24246字
摘 要
室内空气质量的好坏直接影响人的身心健康,利用快速发展的科学技术检测空气质量的好坏是当下流行的一种方法。本文主要阐述了基于单片机室内空气质量检测控制系统的设计。本设计主要由硬件和软件两部分组成。硬件部分由STC89C52单片机控制模快、MH-Z14A二氧化碳传感器模块、LCD1602液晶显示模块组成。软件部分用C语言编写。其工作是通过二氧化碳传感器MH-Z14A感应室内的二氧化碳浓度,并把数据以串口传送方式传给STC89C52单片机,单片机内部进行比较并判断其浓度是否超标,从而发出指令控制报警系统并在LCD1602液晶显示器显示其浓度值。室内空气质量检测控制系统实现的功能有:室内二氧化碳浓度标定值的设定与调节、二氧化碳浓度超标而进行的报警与换气。对该系统进行了安装与调试,结果表明设计的系统能够较好的实现预定目标。关键词:二氧化碳,单片机,传感器,液晶显示
Abstract:Indoor air quality directly affects people"s physical and mental health. The use of rapidly developing science and technology to detect air quality is a popular method.This article mainly elaborated the design of the indoor air quality detection and control system based on the single-chip computer.This design mainly consists of hardware and software.The hardware part is composed of STC89C52 MCU control module, MH-Z14A carbon dioxide sensor module, and LCD1602 LCD module. The software is written in C language.Its work is through the carbon dioxide sensor MH-Z14A sensing the indoor carbon dioxide concentration, and the data is transmitted to the STC89C52 MCU by serial port transmission, the microcontroller internal comparison and determine whether the concentration is exceeded, thereby issuing the command control alarm system and displayed on the LCD1602 LCD display Its concentration value.Indoor air quality detection control system has the function:Calibration and adjustment of indoor carbon dioxide concentration calibration, and alarm and ventilation of carbon dioxide concentration exceeding the standard.The system was installed and debugged. The results show that the designed system can achieve the desired goals better.
Keywords: carbon dioxide,MCU,sensor,LCD
目 录
1、前言:......................................................5
1.1课题研究的背景 ..........................................5
1.2选题的目的和意义.........................................5
1.3国内外发展和现状.........................................5
1.4设计任务的分析...........................................5
2、系统方案选择与分析.........................................6
2.1主控芯片..................................................6
2.1.1主控芯片的选择.......................................6
2.1.2主要特性.............................................6
2.1.3主控芯片引脚.........................................7
2.2传感器模块方案...........................................7
2.2.1传感器模块的选择......................................7
2.2.2 MH-Z14A传感器的概要.................................7
2.2.3 MH-Z14A传感器引脚介绍................................8
2.3显示模块方案..............................................9
2.3.1显示模块的选择........................................9
2.3.2 LCD1602液晶模块的概括................................9
2.3.3 LCD1602液晶模块引脚介绍..............................9
2.4 系统方案选择.............................................10
3、硬件电路设计与原理.........................................11
3.1单片机最小系统............................................11
3.1.1 STC89C52单片机简介....................................12
3.1.2复位电路...............................................12
3.1.3下载接口电路...........................................13
3.1.4 时钟电路...............................................14
3.2MH-Z14A传感器电路..........................................14
3.3LCD1602液晶显示电路.........................................15
3.4报警电路的设计..............................................15
3.5换气电路的设计..............................................16
4、软件设计......................................................17
4.1软件的设计和总流程图.........................................17
4.2 部分模块程序和流程图......................................18
4.2.1传感器模块.............................................19
4.2.2 按键模块..............................................20
4.2.3液晶显示模块...........................................22
4.2.4系统报警,指示,控制.....................................25
5、电路板设计...................................................27
5.1硬件制造和调试.............................................27
5.2设计效果...................................................27
总结............................................................29
参考文献........................................................29
致谢............................................................31
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