无轴承永磁同步电机的初步研究

论文总字数：13263字

摘 要

无轴承永磁同步电机是在永磁同步电机的基础上实现了无轴承化的一种性能优良的无轴承电机，继承了永磁同步电机功率密度大、功率因数高、效率高的优良性能，并具备了磁悬浮轴承无机械摩擦、无需润滑、无污染、寿命长、免维护的特点，可实现高速或超高速运行，在化学化工、生命科学、能源交通、航空航天及机器人等高科技领域具有潜在应用前景。传统的永磁同步电机控制方法有两种：矢量控制和直接转矩控制。相对于矢量控制，直接转矩控制具有控制结构简单，转速响应快，动静态性能优良，对电机参数表现出的鲁棒性等优点。通常无轴承永磁同步电机转子径向悬浮力采用转子磁场定向控制，传统的悬浮力矢量控制过多依赖于电机参数及矢量坐标变换的复杂性使得实际的控制效果难以达到理论分析的结果；在传统的悬浮力矢量控制中，悬浮力处于开环状态，限制了悬浮力控制的精度和动态响应性能；传统的悬浮力矢量控制利用电流跟踪型逆变器，逆变器开关频率高，逆变器容量利用率不高。无轴承永磁同步电机借鉴传统永磁同步电机直接转矩控制的思想，通过构造无轴承永磁同步电机转子径向位移和径向悬浮力双闭环控制系统对径向悬浮力实行直接控制，该控制系统不仅可以实现电机转子稳定悬浮，而且表现出很好的解耦性能，实现电机转矩和悬浮力的直接控制，电机具有良好的动静态性能。

关键词：无轴承,永磁同步电机,直接悬浮力控制

Abstract:No bearing on the basis of permanent magnet synchronous motor PMSM no bearing on the realization of the excellent performance of a bearingless motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors inherited power density, high power factor, high efficiency and excellent performance, and have a magnetic bearing no mechanical friction, no lubrication, no pollution, long life, maintenance-free features, enabling high-speed or ultra-high-speed operation, the high-tech field chemical, life sciences, energy, transportation, aerospace and robotics have potential applications. Conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor control in two ways: vector control and direct torque control. Relative to the vector control, direct torque control with simple control structure, speed, fast response and excellent static and dynamic performance of the motor parameters exhibit robustness advantages. Usually no bearing permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor radial force rotor field oriented control using conventional suspension force vector control excessive dependence on motor parameters and vector coordinate transformation complexity makes it difficult to achieve the effect of the actual control theoretical analysis; in Traditional suspension force vector control, open loop levitation force in the state, limiting the accuracy and dynamic response performance suspension force control; conventional suspension force vector control inverter using a current track, the high switching frequency inverter, inverter Capacity utilization is not high. Bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motors draw ideological tradition of direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motor, the rotor radial displacement and radial suspension force double-loop control system to implement the direct control of the radial force by constructing a bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor, which The control system can not achieve a stable rotor suspension, and showed good decoupling performance and achieve direct control of motor torque and levitation force, the motor has good dynamic and static performance.

keywords：bearingless,permanent magnet synchronous motor;direct suspension control(DSFC)

目 录

1 绪论 4

1.1 研究意义 4

1.2 无轴承电机综述 5

2 无轴承永磁同步电机基本结构和相关原理 5

2.1 无轴承电机基本结构 5

2.2 无轴承电机工作原理 6

2.3 无轴承永磁电机直接悬浮力控制 8

3 直接转矩和直接悬浮力控制系统设计 9

3.1 控制系统的的硬件设计 9

3.2控制系统软件设计 11

3.2.1数据格式和时间分配 14

3.2.2速度和转子位移角度的计算 15

3.2.3ADC采样子程序 16

总结 18

参考文献 19

致 谢 20

1 绪论

1.1 研究意义

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