热电子发射能量转换装置设计与试验研究

论文总字数：24508字

摘 要

研究生签名： 导师签名： 日期：

摘 要

热电子发射能量转换装置是可以将电能与热能互相转化的装置，能够实现能量的转换和多种方式的利用。本文是基于电能产生热能的试验研究。一般的电热转换由电流通过导体，导体有一定电阻从而使得温度升高获得热量。本文所设计的课题是当所使用的直流电源提供较为大的电压或者功率时，会在电极上产生足够大的电流，这个电流可以使得两个电极之间的气体被打穿，由此发出强烈的亮光，进一步产生高温，放出热量进行加热。另一种形式的电热转换研究是将具有一定频率的大电流通过被绕制成环状的导体或其它形状的加热线圈来形成环绕的流向，从而在到导体线圈内产生极性不断变化的强烈磁场，然后把被加热物体放置在导体线圈内时，因为存在着感应现象，原本线圈内的电流方向螺旋会产生磁场，磁场穿过内部物体然后通过感应生电在物体内部产生一个反向的螺旋电流场，这个电流场叫做涡流，产生了涡流之后，又由于材料存在着一定的电阻，所以会使这个涡流产生很大的热量，使物体内部的温度明显上升，进一步达成对物体进行加热的目的。

从传热角度计算能量转换器传热特性，分析导热、对流换热、辐射换热 等对热电转换器温度及其产热等方面的影响。

设计出两种不同的电热转换装置模型，并通过实验对电热能量转换器做出改进。通过数值模拟，研究分析影响装置散热及其传热影响温度上升的不同于理论基础的原因。

关键词：热电能量转换装置，弧光放电，感应电流，传热。

Abstract

The thermal electron emission energy conversion device is a device that can convert electrical energy and thermal energy into each other, and can realize energy conversion and utilization in various ways. This paper is based on experimental research on the generation of thermal energy from electrical energy. The general electrothermal conversion is carried by the current through the conductor, and the conductor has a certain resistance so that the temperature rises to obtain heat. The test conducted in this paper is based on the fact that when the power supply is large and the current is large enough, the gas between the electrodes can be broken down. , which emits a strong radiance, further generates high temperatures, and releases heat for heating. Another form of electrothermal conversion research is to form a large current with a certain frequency through a coil or a heating coil of another shape to form a circumferential flow direction, thereby generating an intense change in polarity in the conductor coil. When the magnetic field is placed in the conductor coil, the magnetic field will pass through the entire heated object, so that the direction in which the heating flows through the current is opposite to the internal current of the object being heated, and the inside of the object is heated. The induction produces a large eddy current. There is a certain resistance inside the object, so this eddy current will generate a large amount of heat, so that the temperature inside the object rises remarkably, and the object is further heated.

The heat transfer characteristics of the energy converter are calculated from the heat transfer angle, and the effects of heat conduction, convection heat transfer, and radiation heat transfer on the temperature and heat generation of the thermoelectric converter are analyzed.

Two different electrothermal converter models were designed and the electrothermal energy converter was improved through experiments. Through numerical simulation, the reasons for the different theoretical basis that affect the heat dissipation of the device and the heat transfer effect of the heat transfer are studied.

KEY WORDS: thermoelectric energy conversion device, arc discharge, induced current, heat transfer.

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2热电转化研究现状 2

1.3课题研究内容及其意义 6

1.4本论文各章节内容简述 7

第二章 热电转换装置传热计算及其仿真 8

2.1概述 8

2.2热电子发射能量转换器的模型 8

第三章 热电子发射能量转换装置实验 12

3.1概述 12

3.2实验装置及系统 12

3.2.2热电子发射能量转换器的电极选择及其要求 13

3.2.3外部保温材料的要求及选择 13

3.3 本章小结 16

第四章 感应电炉实验 17

4.1概述 17

4.2实验装置及系统 17

4.3本章小结 20

第五章 全文总结 22

参考文献 24

致谢 25

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