论文总字数：27445字

摘 要

随着新能源在能源系统中占比的逐步提高，电力系统调频正成为常规燃煤火电机组面临的一大挑战。与此同时，具有快速负荷响应能力的储能技术，作为一种新的电力系统调频方式，已逐步进入我国辅助服务市场。

本文中，在火电机组历史运行数据基础上，进行了机组AGC与储能系统联合调频的特性研究。首先，进行了机组AGC历史数据的指令提取与统计，分析了AGC指令在发生时间、变化幅度等方面特性；然后，结合南方市场调频辅助补偿规则，说明了AGC调节速率、响应时间、调节精度指标K1、K2、K3与综合性能指标K、调频里程D的计算方法和意义。从提升机组AGC调频性能角度，制定了储能充放电控制策略；并与机组原AGC进行了联合调频仿真。进一步，为了控制储能的日循环次数，延长电池使用寿命，制定了电池荷电状态回归策略，并用计算所得储能日循环次数对电池寿命进行动态更新。在分析了储能各项成本和辅助服务补偿基础上，建立了以日净收益为目标函数的市场模型；在此模型基础上，通过仿真计算不同储能容量配置下，机组的调频性能与日净收益，对储能容量配置给与建议。

仿真结果表明，合理配置储能系统可以显著提升常规机组的调频性能，并带来明显的调频收益。

关键词：自动发电控制，储能，控制策略，容量配置

Abstract

With the increasing proportion of new energy in energy system, frequency modulation of power system is becoming a major challenge for conventional coal-fired thermal generator units. Meanwhile, energy storage technology with fast load response capability, as a new power system frequency regulation mode, has gradually entered the auxiliary service market in China.

In this paper, based on the historical operation data of thermal power units, the characteristics of combined frequency regulation of AGC and energy storage system are studied. Firstly, the command extraction and statistics of AGC historical data are carried out, and the characteristics of AGC command in occurrence time and variation range are analyzed. Secondly, the calculation method and significance of AGC regulation rate, response time, adjustment precision index K1, K2, K3 and comprehensive performance index K, FM mileage D are explained in combination with the frequency modulation auxiliary compensation rules of Southern Market. In order to improve the frequency modulation performance of AGC unit, the control strategy of energy storage charging and discharging is formulated, and the joint frequency regulation simulation is carried out with the original AGC of the unit. Furthermore, in order to control the number of daily cycles of energy storage and prolong the service life of batteries, a regress strategy of battery charging state was formulated, and the battery life was updated dynamically with the calculated number of daily cycles of energy storage. Based on the analysis of the cost of energy storage and the compensation of ancillary services, a market model with net daily income as the objective function is established. On the basis of this model, the frequency modulation performance and net daily income of generating units under different energy storage capacity configurations are calculated by simulation, so as to give suggestions on the allocation of energy storage capacity.

The simulation results show that reasonable allocation of energy storage system can significantly improve the FM performance of conventional units, and bring significant FM benefits.

KEY WORDS: Automatic Generation Control, Energy Storage, Control Strategy, Capacity Configuration

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1选题背景及意义 1

1.2国内外的研究现状 2

1.2.1 AGC调频相关现状 2

1.2.2储能相关的发展现状 2

1.2.3两个细则介绍 4

1.2.4国内联合调频相关研究进展 8

1.3论文主要研究内容与目的 9

第二章 历史AGC运行数据的性能统计 11

2.1AGC指令统计说明 11

2.1.1 AGC指令按变负荷幅度统计 11

2.1.2 AGC指令按变负荷发生时间统计 11

2.1.3 AGC指令特性值统计说明 11

2.1.4电池容量需求分析方法说明 12

2.2AGC统计指标分析 13

2.2.1AGC变负荷范围 13

2.2.2AGC变负荷发生时间 14

2.2.3AGC指令特性值 15

2.2.4电池容量需求 16

2.2.5原始数据调频性能指标分析 17

2.3本章小结 18

第三章 AGC、储能联合调频仿真 19

3.1储能充放电策略 19

3.1.1电池操作允许策略 19

3.1.2电池的充放电方式设置策略 19

3.1.3电池的充放电功率设置策略 20

3.2联合调频AGC性能指标计算 20

3.2.1储能功率配置对调频性能指标的影响 20

3.2.2储能容量配置对调频性能指标的影响 25

3.3本章小结 28

第四章 储能辅助市场模型与容量仿真优化 29

4.1储能装置成本 29

4.1.1储能初始投资成本 29

4.1.2储能运行维护成本 30

4.2储能频繁调节对寿命的影响 30

4.3调频收益计算 31

4.4总收益 32

4.5储能容量仿真优化 32

4.6本章小结 34

结论 35

参考文献（References）： 36

致 谢 37

绪论

1.1选题背景及意义

在当今国家能源结构调整、鼓励新能源发展的背景下，新能源发电方式（如风力和光伏发电等）在电网中的占比逐步升高；但其本身的间歇性和不确定性给电网的电能质量带来了严重的影响。频率作为电能质量的一项重要指标，对电力系统的稳定运行有着关键的影响。

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