流化床锅炉燃烧控制系统设计研究

论文总字数：22836字

摘 要

锅炉自动控制系统中，燃烧控制的地位居首。其主要包括主汽压控制系统、送风控制系统和引风控制系统等。维持好一定的压力和空气量，关系到运行的安全性和经济性。论文中TDOF MD PID控制系统针对循环流化床锅炉主蒸汽压力受燃料量的影响而设计，CFB锅炉汽水系统及其他子系统（包括给水量与汽包水位的函数关系、引风量与炉内压力的函数关系）的控制方法将在毕业设计范围外继续研究。

二自由度的模型驱动PID控制器（TDOF MD PID）是在原有TDOF PID控制器的基础上，由Kimura提出模型驱动（MD）概念，并将其作为控制器主体部分而形成的新型控制系统。TDOF MD PID通过PI补偿器将复杂的实际被控过程用具有延迟的一阶等效被控对象替代，极大提高了PID控制器的跟踪能力和抗干扰性能。通过仿真可以看出，相对于传统PID，TDOF MD PID控制器的鲁棒性较高，控制效果良好。

关键词：CFB锅炉；燃烧系统；TDOF MD PID控制器；主蒸汽压力；燃料量

Research on Combustion Control System for Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler

03012314 Yao Wang

Supervised by Ding Weimin

Abstract：In recent decades, our country fluidized bed (CFB) boiler has a good increase in combustion efficiency, coal adaptability and load adjustment range, etc. And also has been more widely promoted and application because of its excellent environmental effect. However, in the combustion control system of CFB boiler, the effect of conventional PID control and regulation is not ideal due to its special structure and complexity of the combustion characteristics, resulting in controlled investment rate is relatively low, especially for combustion process which is non-linear, multi-parameter, large delay, and large multivariable strong coupling of the CFB boiler combustion process, the conventional PID controller is even more difficult to track, to construct an accurate control model.

In boiler automatic control systems, combustion control is the first important. It mainly includes the main steam pressure control systems, air control system and the lead air control systems. Good pressure and maintaining a certain amount of air relate to the safety and economy of the operation. In this paper, TDOF MD PID control system is designed for the effects of circulating fluidized bed boiler main steam pressure affected by the amount of fuel, and the control method of CFB boiler steam and water system and other subsystems (including function relationship between the water drum level, the wind and the amount of pressure inside the furnace) will continue to study outside the scope.

Two degree of freedom model-driven PID controller (TDOF MD PID) is based on the original TDOF PID controllers. Concept of model-driven (MD) is proposed by Kimura, and as a controller body portion to form a new control system. TDOF MD PID controller replaces complex actual controlled process with the equivalent of a first-order controlled object having delay by PD compensator, greatly improving the tracking ability and robustness of the PID controller. The simulation can be seen that, compared with the traditional PID, robust of TDOF MD PID controller is high, and control effect is better.

Key words: circulating fluidized bed boiler; combustion system; TDOF MD PID controller; main steam pressure; fuel quantity

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 课题背景 1

1.1.1 流化床锅炉简介 1

1.1.2 流化床锅炉控制现状 2

第2章 控制系统理论分析 5

2.1 汽压控制系统简介 5

2.2 TDOF MD PID控制器简介 6

2.2.1 TDOF MD PID的发展简介 6

2.2.2 TDOF MD PID优越性的理论分析 7

2.3 论文实施方向 9

第 3 章 架构与实现 11

3.1 MATLAB环境介绍 11

3.2 Simulink组件 12

3.2.1 Simulink概念介绍 12

3.2.2 Simulink仿真步骤 14

第4章 仿真实施过程与结果 15

4.1 常规单回路PID控制系统设计 15

4.1.1 常规单回路PID控制系统的整定 15

4.1.2 常规单回路PID控制系统的运行结果 18

4.2 TDOF MD PID控制系统设计 19

4.2.1 设计PD反馈补偿器F（s） 20

4.2.2 推导等效被控对象的参数 21

4.2.3 推导主控制器和设定值滤波器的参数 21

4.2.4 TDOF MD PID控制器仿真结果 22

第 5 章 讨论与总结 27

5.1 论文的意义与不足 27

5.2 结束语 28

致谢 29

参考文献 30

流化床锅炉燃烧控制系统设计研究

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