汽轮发电机组转子动平衡技术试验研究

论文总字数：29653字

摘 要

本论文分析了振动的产生、影响，以及采用动平衡技术解决不平衡振动的科学发展进程和相关的一系列的方法以及了汽轮发电机组振动的基本知识，讨论了单圆盘转子质量不平衡，并分析比较了轴系动平衡方法。并进一步在了解了基本的振动测量和分析方法的基础上，应用最小二乘影响系数法利用C 开发了相应的动平衡软件，并通过在学校实验室的模拟试验，理论结合实际探索了实现动平衡的方法，成功地证明了动平衡软件的正确性、合理性，然后合理分析总结了一系列的试验的结果。

关键词：振动，动平衡，影响系数法

The Dynamic Balance Experimental Study

on Steam Turbine Rotor

03012333 Li Zeqing

Supervised by Fu Xingjun

ABSTRACT：As a core of the whole power plant, Vibration affects the safe and the stable operation of the plant. Mass unbalances vibration is the most common vibration failure. The dynamic balance is an important mans to solve this problem. Once the abnormal vibration occurs, it will have a significant negative impact on power supply stability and all kinds of factory production. It is particularly important to understand the hazards of turbine vibration, and take active measures to adjust and optimize the equipment to ensure stable operation of the units.

This paper analyzes the vibration and rotor dynamic balance research and its development trend, unbalance vibration mechanism and its characteristic and the vibration of the steam turbo generator basic knowledge. This paper discusses the dynamic characteristics single disk rotor mass imbalance and analyzes and compares the shafting balancing method. After studying the basic vibration measurements and analysis methods, we use the Least Square Influence Coefficient Methods develop the dynamic balance software with C . We verified the software by bench simulation test, and the results of the test were analyzed.

Keywords: vibration, dynamic balance, influence coefficient method

目 录

摘 要…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

ABSTRACT………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

目 录…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ

第一章 绪论……………………...………………………………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 汽轮发电机组转子不平衡振动故障的研究背景及意义………………………….…………….….1

1.2 转子动平衡理论与技术的发展、现状与发展趋势………………………………………………………1

1.3 论文所进行的工作..………………………………………………………………………..…………………….……1

第二章 单圆盘转子的不平衡响应…………..................……………………….………..........................………3

2.1 转子的涡动…….........................................................................................................………3

2.2 圆盘偏心质量引起的振动及临界转速……………..............................................................5

2.3 圆盘绕其中心的转动方程……………..................................................................................7

2.3.1 相对运动的自然运动…………..........................................................................................7

第三章 刚性转子的平衡……………...................................................................................................9

3.1 基本概念………...................................................................................................................9

3.2 转子不平衡类型............……..............................................................................................9

3.3 转子平衡原理……………....................................................................................................11

第四章 挠性转子的平衡…………….................................................................................................12

4.1 挠性转子平衡问题的提出……………................................................................................12

4.2 动平衡方法—振型平衡法……………................................................................................13

4.3 动平衡方法—影响系数法……….....................................................................................14

4.3.1 影响系数平衡法…………….............................................................................................14

4.3.2 挠性转子的应用最小二乘法的影响系数平衡法…………….........................................15

第五章 振动测量与评价…………….................................................................................................18

5.1 评价标准简介……………....................................................................................................18

5.2 评价范围……………............................................................................................................18

5.3 测量要求及程序……………................................................................................................18

5.4 评估标准……………............................................................................................................20

5.4.1 一般…………….................................................................................................................20

5.4.2 标准：振幅…………….......................................................................................................20

第六章 动平衡软件开发及动平衡试验…………….........................................................................23

6.1 动平衡软件设计……................................................................................................………23

6.1.1 设计框架…………….........................................................................................................23

6.1.2 软件工作界面...............………….....................................................................................25

6.1.3 动平衡软件算例验证…………........................................................................................28

6.2 现场动平衡试验………….................................................................................................. 30

6.2.1 现场动平衡试验方案…………........................................................................................30

6.2.2 试验数据和图表分析…………........................................................................................31

6.2.3 试验误差分析…………................................................................................................... 38

总结………….....................................................................................................................................39

致谢………….....................................................................................................................................40

参考文献………….............................................................................................................................41

汽轮发电机组转子动平衡技术试验研究

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