基于单片机的宠物自动喂食器设计

论文总字数：30682字

摘 要

为了解决现阶段宠物喂食不规律的现状，我研究了以培养宠物自主进食为宗旨的一种基于单片机的宠物自动喂食器设计。它的主要功能是先把宠物们的饲料放在喂食器里，与此同时，我们可以设置至多三个时间点。当定时器到达我们所设置的间点时，系统就会进行语音播报来将宠物吸引过来，同时定量的放出之前所放置的宠物饲料进行自动喂食。本课题中的宠物自动喂食器系统的重要组成模块是：单片机控制模块、步进电机控制模块、屏幕显示模块、语音播报模块和定时器时间设定模块。研究方法是通过使用单片机来完成对每一个系统模块进行有效的掌控。时间模块所设定系统的时间经过LCD1602显示在屏幕上。通过之前设定好的三个喂食的时间点，系统依靠时钟芯片DS1302来实时获取当前的时间，对是否已经到达之前所设定好的喂食时间点进行有效判断，如果相符合就完成定时喂食和语音播报。

在宠物自助喂食器通电之后，液晶显示屏显示当前时间和喂食时间，我们可以手动的修改这两个时间。当系统时间到达喂食时间时，电动机自动进行定量喂食，同时进行语音播报以吸引宠物们来吃饭。长此以往的定时定量喂食使宠物们形成习惯，从而达到宠物自助喂食和培养良好饮食习惯的目的。本课题在一定程度上提高了宠物饲养效率，解决了在主人不在家时无法进行宠物喂食的难题，避免了宠物们因为饮食不规律所造成的不良后果。

关键词：单片机STC89C52；宠物自动喂食器；语音播报；定时器

Design of Pet Automatic Feeder Based on MCU

Abstract

In order to solve the current situation of irregular pet feeding, I studied the design of an automatic pet feeder based on single-chip microcomputer for the purpose of cultivating pet feeding. Its main function is to put the pet's feed in the feeder first, at the same time, we can set up to three time points. When the timer reaches the set interval, the system will carry out voice broadcast to attract the pet, and at the same time, it will give out the pet feed that was placed before quantitatively for automatic feeding. The important modules of pet automatic feeder system in this project are: single chip microcomputer control module, stepping motor control module, screen display module, voice broadcast module and timer time setting module. The research method is to use single-chip microcomputer to complete the effective control of each system module. The time of the system set by the time module is displayed on the screen through LCD1602. Through the three feeding time points set before, the system relies on the clock chip DS1302 to obtain the current time in real time, and effectively judge whether the feeding time point set before has arrived, and complete the timed feeding and voice broadcast if it is consistent.

After the pet feeder is powered on, the LCD displays the current time and feeding time, which can be manually modified. When the system time is up to the feeding time, the motor will automatically conduct quantitative feeding and voice broadcast to attract pets to eat. In the long run, regular and quantitative feeding makes pets form habits, so as to achieve the purpose of feeding and cultivating good eating habits. This project improves the efficiency of pet feeding to a certain extent, solves the problem of pet feeding when the owner is not at home, and avoids the adverse consequences caused by the irregular diet of pets..

Keywords: SCM STC89C52；Pet Automatic feeder；Voice Broadcast；Timer

目录

第一章 引言 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 社会意义 1

1.3 功能概述 1

第二章 系统方案设计 3

2.1 总设计方案 3

2.2 系统设计方案论证 3

2.2.1.时钟芯片的选择与论证 3

2.2.2.显示模块的选择与论证 4

第三章 系统硬件设计 5

3.1 STC89C52 单片机的简介 5

3.1.1 主要性能 5

3.1.2 端口介绍 6

3.1.3 时钟介绍 6

3.1.4 中断介绍 8

3.2 按键模块 9

3.3 电源电路 9

3.4 时钟电路 10

3.5 复位电路 10

3.6 步进电机驱动芯片 11

3.5.1 ULN2003的介绍 11

3.5.2 步进电机的介绍 13

3.7 液晶显示芯片 13

3.8 时钟芯片 14

3.9 语音芯片 16

第四章 系统软件设计 17

4.1 软件的介绍 17

4.2 主流程的概述 17

4.3 LCD1602显示流程图 19

4.4 按键子程序 19

第五章 系统调试 21

5.1 硬件调试 21

5.1.1 硬件焊接 21

5.1.2 硬件排查 21

5.2 软件调试 21

5.3 功能调试 21

第六章 总结 23

致谢 24

参考文献 25

附录 26

1.元器件清单表 26

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