基于虚拟仪器技术的弱信号测试系统

论文总字数：14309字

摘 要

微弱信号检测是一种涵盖电子学、信息论和物理学等多种学科方法的测量技术,从强噪声中提取目标信息为主要目标,采用新技术和新方法来提高检测系统输出信号的信噪比是本文研究重点。近年来,随着科学技术和工业技术的发展,各类微弱信号检测的测量仪器层出不穷。本文重点研究基于系统集成技术,通用单片机平台对ADC采集的信号进行分析，通过串口上传到计算机,计算机上利用虚拟仪器软件将微弱信号进行滤波处理并显示出来。实现弱信号检测的自动化的测试系统。

本文重点开展了以下几点工作:

1、基于系统集成思想,在通用单片机平台，通过STC89C52单片机和ADCXPT2046芯片，实现弱信号模拟信号的采集。

2、前端利用弱信号放大电路，实现弱信号的放大，并传输到ADCXPT2046芯片的输入端。

3、通过虚拟仪器软件(Labview)整理出采集弱信号的检测系统。

大量的实验结果指出:所整理出微弱信号可通过职能的检测出,减少了大量的人力物力财力,大大的提高了效率，智能代替了人为。通过整理出的系统对弱信号精心检测质的改变了常规的测量方法,更加体现了科技的效率和集成技术的智能.所设计的系统针对于中低信号的检测和应用。

关键词:系统集成；虚拟仪器；微弱信号；测试系统

Weak Signal Test System Based on Virtual Instrument Technology

Abstract

The weak signal detection is a kind of measurement technology that covers a variety of disciplines such as electronics, information theory and physics. Extracting target information from strong noise is the main goal. The new technology and new method are used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal of the detection system. In recent years, with the development of science and technology and industrial technology, various types of measurement instruments for weak signal detection have emerged one after another. This paper focuses on the analysis of the signals collected by ADC on the basis of system integration technology. The weak signals are filtered and displayed by means of virtual instrument software. A test system that realizes the automation of weak signal detection.

The following work was focused on this paper:

1、Based on the idea of system integration, the acquisition of analog signals is achieved through the STC89C52 single chip and ADCXPT2046 chip on the general single-chip platform.

2、The front end uses a weak signal amplifier circuit to achieve the amplification of small signals and transmit them to the input side of the ADCXPT2046 chip.

3、 A weak signal analysis system can be designed for weak signal detection using the virtual instrument software(Labview).

The experimental results show that the designed system can intelligently perform weak signal detection function, reduce the degree of manual adjustment in actual equipment use, and improve the accuracy of data measurement and the convenience of operation flow.

Compared with the traditional experimental measurement method, the designed system is more convenient and efficient, which embodies the automation and intelligence of the system integration technology. The overall performance of the system is relatively satisfactory and more suitable for the detection of weak signals at low frequency.

Key Words: System integration; Virtual instruments; Weak signal；The test system

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 绪论 1

1.1选题背景及意义 1

1.2国内研究现状 1

1.3本文的研究内容 2

第二章 信号检测及系统设计 3

2.1微弱信号检测 3

2.2虚拟仪器 3

2.2.1虛拟仪器技术 3

2.2.2虛拟仪器的特点 4

2.3 Labview 与虚拟仪器技术 4

2.4 Labview 用于数据采集系统 5

第三章 系统硬件和软件设计 6

3.1 硬件系统 6

3.1.1单片机 6

3.1.2 AT89S52时钟电路的设计 7

3.1.3 复位电路的设计 7

3.1.4串口模块 8

3.1.5前端放大电路 9

3.1.6 AD 采样模块 10

3.2 软件系统 11

3.2.1 主程序流程图 11

第四章 系统调试与验证 15

4.1 硬件系统实现 15

4.2软件系统实现 15

4.3 系统调试分析 16

第五章 结论 17

5.1本文总结 17

5.2工作展望 17

致 谢 18

参考文献 19

第一章 绪论

1.1选题背景及意义

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