基于单片机的老年人摔倒检测系统设计

论文总字数：22178字

摘 要

随着社会快速的发展，生活水平的逐步提高，人民的寿命不断延长，使得我国老龄化问题日趋严重，有关老年人的生活质量和身心健康的问题日益凸显。根据有关调查，摔倒已经成为意外受伤导致死亡的主要原因之一，摔倒致死率随着老年人的增长快速上升。因此采取一些有效的手段保证老年人摔倒时，能够及时获得有效的救助显得不可忽视。

本论文主要研究内容为基于单片机设计一款高性能、高精度的摔倒检测系统装置。该系统主要功能如下，根据加速度传感器的测量值，利用相应的算法分析老年人的身体姿态，当发生摔倒时，能够触发单片机进行摔倒预处理。考虑到轻微摔倒可以自行处理以及跌倒装置误判的情况，在触发单片机摔倒预处理后，该摔倒检测装置先向周围发出蜂鸣器报警信号，老年人可根据自身情况选择是否进行下一步报警，当老年人行动不便时，摔倒检测系统自动实施报警。报警后，通过无线通信模块将老年人的位置信息发送到云平台，同时发送到事先设置的监护人的手机上，保证能够及时获得有效救助。

关键字：摔倒检测；加速度传感器；单片机

Design of Fall Detection System for The Elderly Based on Microcontroller

Abstract

With the rapid development of society, the gradual improvement in living standards and the increasing life expectancy of the people, the problem of ageing in China is becoming more and more serious and issues concerning the quality of life and physical and mental health of the elderly are becoming more and more prominent. According to surveys, falls have become one of the leading causes of death due to accidental injuries, and the rate of death due to falls is rising rapidly with the growth of the elderly. Therefore, it is important to take effective measures to ensure that older people receive timely and effective assistance in the event of a fall.

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)The main research of this thesis is to design a high performance and high precision fall detection system device. The main functions of the system are as follows: based on the measured value of the acceleration sensor, the body posture of the elderly is analyzed using the corresponding algorithm, and the microcontroller can be triggered to perform fall pre-processing when a fall occurs. Considering that a minor fall can be handled by itself and the misjudgment of the fall device, after triggering the microcontroller fall pre-processing, this fall detection device first sends out a buzzer alarm signal to the surrounding area, and the elderly can choose whether to proceed to the next alarm according to their own situation, and the fall detection system automatically implements the alarm when the elderly have mobility problems. After the alarm, the location information of the elderly is sent to the cloud platform through the wireless communication module, and also to the cell phone of the guardian set in advance to ensure that effective assistance can be obtained in time.

Keywords: Fall detection, acceleration sensor, microcontroller

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.2 研究意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.3 论文主要内容及结构 2

1.3.1 论文的主要内容 2

1.3.2 论文的结构 2

第二章 总体方案设计 3

2.1 系统功能概述及设计目标 3

2.2 系统总体设计框架 3

2.3 主要功能部件的选定 4

2.3.1 单片机模块 4

2.3.2 传感器模块 4

2.3.3 通信模块 4

2.3.4 电源模块 5

2.3.6 报警模块 5

第三章 系统硬件设计 6

3.1 MCU模块电路设计 6

3.1.1 MCU的简介 6

3.1.2 MSP430F149的外围电路设计 6

3.2 加速度传感器模块电路设计 7

3.3 WIFI模块电路设计 8

3.4 GPS模块电路设计 8

3.5 电源模块电路设计 9

3.6 报警模块电路设计 10

第四章 系统软件设计 11

4.1 软件设计概述 11

4.2 开发环境搭建 11

4.3 加速度传感器模块程序设计 11

4.3.1 摔倒检测原理 11

4.3.2 AXDL345程序设计 12

4.4 通信模块程序设计 13

4.4.1 AT命令介绍 13

4.4.2 ESP8266串口通信设计 13

第五章 系统调试 15

5.1 系统硬件连接及测试 15

5.2 系统软件功能测试 15

5.2.1 软件程序的调试 15

5.2.2 摔倒检测功能测试 16

5.2.3 通信模块测试 16

第六章 结束语 18

致 谢 19

参考文献（References） 20

附 录 21

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