论文总字数：34453字

摘 要

钢铁厂生产线辊系设备由于长期运转，设备出现磨损、位置偏移等现象，影响了辊轴相互之间的平行度和垂直度等空间位置关系，导致钢卷出现起皱、跑偏、溢边及产品板形不良等一系列问题，直接影响到产能、质量和效益。本论文设计的辊系校准系统旨在有效检测出辊轴之间的位置关系变化情况，为辊系设备的调整提供指导。

本文以某钢厂轧辊设备为被测研究对象，从测量方案、测量数据分析、软件开发、实测检验等方面详述了校准系统的设计与实现过程。项目测量方案以徕卡Nova TS60全站仪为主要测量设备，辅以带磁铁座的标杆、棱镜等测量工具，利用端面旋转、两端联测的方法完成散点坐标测取；对于所得空间点利用平面拟合、坐标转换、噪点过滤等数据处理手段，进行多点偏差及其方差计算评估，通过点数分析及置信度分析，得到单辊及辊系的评估与校准参数，有效确保了测量结果的正确性。本测量系统软件使用C#语言进行设计开发，将辊系的偏差通过图形化方式有效展现出来，方便了客户使用；系统具有自动连接全站仪及完成数据读取的功能，极大地方便了现场测量。经过多次实地测量验证，校准系统实现了基本功能需求，效果理想，项目完成情况良好。通过进一步的改进完善，系统将在近期投入实际应用，以提高产品的产能、质量、效益。

关键词：辊系偏差、空间位置、全站仪、端面旋转、自动检测、校准系统。

The design and implementation OF ROLLER’S CALIBRATION SYSTEM IN STEEL plANT based on total station

Abstract

Roller system equipments on the production line in the steel plant always be wear-out and deviate from their original position after long-time operation, which has bad influence on roller system’s verticality, levelness and other spatial relationships. And it may also prompt a series of problems such as wrinkle, deviation, edge overflow or bad profile, which directly affect the capacity, quality and efficiency of production. The design of roller’s calibration system in this paper aims to detect the location of the relationships between rollers and guide the adjustment of roll system equipments.

This paper takes a steel plant’s roller system equipments as research objects, and describes the design and implementation process of calibration system in detail from several aspects, including measurement scheme, analysis of measuring data, software development and practical test. The measurement scheme of this project uses Leica Nova TS60 Total Station as the main equipment, supported by other instruments including surveyor's pole with magnet and prism. And it uses the rotation of transverse plane and joint measurement of both ends to acquire coordinates of splashes; then, by fitting planes, converting coordinates, removing noise and other methods of data processing according to these splashes, we calculate and evaluate the biases and variances of these points. We also analyze the number of splashes and confidence, figure out some parameters of the roller and the whole system to make sure the measurement results are accurate. The software of this calibration system is designed and developed with C#. It shows the deviation of the roller system graphically, and is convenient for clients to use. There are also other functions in this system such as connecting to total station and reading in the data automatically, which bring great convenience during the field measurement. After lots of field tests, we prove that by and large this calibration system has meant target needs. The result is satisfactory and the project is completed well. By further improvement, the system will be put into practical use in the near future to increase the capacity, quality and efficiency of production.

KEYWORDS: Bias of Roller System, Spatial Position, Total Station, Rotation of Transverse Plane, Automatic Detection, Calibration System.

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 项目背景及意义 1

1.2 辊系校准的研究现状 1

1.3 论文章节安排 4

第2章 总体设计 5

2.1 总体设计目标 5

2.2 整体设计概述 5

2.2.1 测量原理概述 5

2.2.2 数据处理过程概述 6

2.2.3 软件设计概述 6

2.3 全站仪的测量原理及选型要求 7

2.3.1 测量设备简介 7

2.3.2 测量原理及精度分析 8

2.3.3 选型要求 8

2.4 棱镜选型要求 9

2.5 标杆制作 11

2.6 测量校准流程 12

第3章 测量方案分析 13

3.1 测量目标 13

3.2 数据处理过程 13

3.2.1 坐标定义 13

3.2.2 平面拟合 13

3.2.3 坐标转换 15

3.2.4 噪点过滤 16

3.2.5 圆的拟合 16

3.3 测量分析 17

3.3.1 单辊评价体系 17

3.3.2 单辊数据分析 18

3.3.3 辊系评价结果 20

第4章 系统软件设计 23

4.1 软件开发平台 23

4.2 软件层次结构设计 23

4.3 软件详细设计 26

4.3.1 Roller类 26

4.3.2 Roller_System类 28

4.3.3 Com类 30

4.3.4 Data_Router类 32

4.3.5 UI设计 33

第5章 实测应用与结果分析 37

5.1 应用背景介绍 37

5.2 实测情况 37

5.3 结果评估 38

第6章 总结与展望 41

6.1 总结 41

6.2 展望 41

参考文献 43

致谢 1

绪论

项目背景及意义

某钢铁股份有限公司的轧辊设备由于长期高速运转，辊系的垂直度、水平度等空间位置关系会逐渐发生变化，导致钢卷出现起皱、跑偏、溢边及产品板形不良等一系列问题，直接影响到产能、质量和效益。因此现阶段，要求对辊系进行空间位置测量，获得其水平度和垂直度等偏移量，以便对辊轴进行位置调整。全站仪具有速度快、灵活性好和自动化程度高等特点，因而得到广泛应用。本项目基于全站仪研制开发冷轧生产辊系空间位置测量系统。

本测量系统的实现，将有效调整辊系位置，避免钢卷起皱、跑偏、溢边以及产品板形不良等问题，调高产品的产能、质量和效益；同时，系统的实现将会提高操作人员的工作效率，减少无效劳动，并提供比人工检测更客观准确的校准方案。

辊系校准的研究现状

辊系校准问题是影响钢厂钢卷生产的重要问题。目前，鞍山钢铁厂采用MetroIn工业测量系统软件，并结合TDA5005全站仪组成测量系统来完成辊轴检修校准工作；上海宝钢工业检测公司也利用全站仪进行旋转的三点法测量。长时间以来，技术人员总结出了以平行度和垂直度为主要参考指标的辊系评价标准，下面将对这两个重要参数的测量手段方法的研究现状进行介绍。

平行度测量

方法一：

剩余内容已隐藏，请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：34453字