摘 要

今天,随着经济的不断发展,越来越多的高层建筑在城市,继续增长,越来越多的对塔式起重机的需求。在建筑行业中,起重设备的塔式起重机为例,应用越来越广泛。塔式起重机在建设工程随处可见,是不可或缺的重要性。

随着经济的不断发展,高层建筑也是一个城市的发展程度的重要标志,和高层建筑的建设也已经成为现代工业发展的一个重要组成部分。包括塔式起重机作为不可或缺的建筑设备,工业和民用建筑起重机械的代表。

塔式起重机在建筑工业中有着广泛的应用，能在工况恶劣和建筑结构复杂的工业场地，塔式起重机作业空间大，在建筑施工过程中将物料进行垂直和水平输送，以及建筑构件的安装。但同时也伴随着一定的危险。所以对于塔机来说，安全可靠以及经济是非常关键的。设计人员会在设计中都会采用类比法进行设计，他们更关注的是安全性，然而运用类比法进行设计有很多弊端，比如复杂性高，效率低下，出错率高。

作为本次63T-M塔式起重机的整体设计，我们小组设定塔机的吊臂为55m，由十节臂架组成。我们还对牵引机构，变幅小车以及吊钩这些零部件作了新的设计。它的起重量在6吨。

关键词：塔式起重机、牵引机构、变幅小车

ABSTRACT

Today, with the constant development of economy, with the increasing of high-rise buildings in the city and continue to grow, more and more demand for tower crane.In construction industry, the tower crane as an example of the hoisting equipment, its application is increasingly wide.Tower crane can be seen everywhere in the construction project, is the indispensable importance.

With the continuous development of our economy, high-rise buildings also as an important symbol of a city's development degree, and the construction of high-rise building also has become an important part of modern industrial development.Including tower crane as the indispensable construction equipment, industrial and civil architecture become the representative of the hoisting machinery.

Tower crane has been widely used in the construction industry, can be in bad working condition of complex industrial sites and buildings,Tower crane operation space is large, in the course of construction materials are vertical and horizontal conveying, and installation of building components.But also with a certain risk. So for tower crane, safe and reliable, and economic is critical.Designers will be will be designed by adopting the analogy method in the design, they pay more attention to safety, however, by using analogy method to carry on the design has many disadvantages, such as high complexity, low efficiency, error rate is high.

As the t - 63 M as well as the design of tower crane, our group of 55 M set of tower crane jib, consists of ten boom section. We also of traction mechanism, luffing and hook these parts makes a new design. It's up in 6 tons in weight.

KEY WORD:Tower crane、Traction mechanism、luffing

目录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1塔式起重机概述及国内外发展 1

1.1.1国外起重机发展状况 1

1.1.2国内起重机发展状况 1

1.2 课题目的 2

1.3设计内容方法及思路 2

第二章 63T-M塔式起重机回转系统设计 4

2.1 回转机构介绍 4

2.2工作机构级别 4

2.3平衡重的计算 5

2.4风力的计算 6

2.5回转支撑以上重量与重量力矩 8

2.6回转平面内的载荷及内力组合 13

2.6.1回转惯性载荷计算 13

2.6.2臂架结构回转惯性载荷 13

2.6.3臂架结构风载荷 13

2.7强度及稳定性验算 16

2.8整体稳定性验算 17

2.9单肢稳定验算 21

第三章 塔帽的设计 25

3.1塔帽 25

3.2荷载计算 27

3.2.1 计算工况 : 27

3.2.2 轴向力FN计算 27

3.3.3 计算长度、换算长细比计算 28

3.3.4整体稳定验算 28

3.3作用在塔身顶部的力 29

3.3.1作用在塔身顶部的垂直压力N 29

3.3.2作用在塔身顶部的水平力H 29

3.3.3.作用在塔身上的风力Ptw 30

3.3.4.作用在塔身顶部的力矩M 30

结语 33

参考文献 35

第一章 绪论

1.1塔式起重机概述及国内外发展

塔式起重机是一种塔设置提升臂回转起重机械,称为“塔式起重机、塔式起重机。效率高,使用范围广,回转半径,提升高度,操作方便,安装和拆卸的特点是简单的。主要在高层建筑的施工完成预制组件,和其他建筑材料和工具,如起重工作。塔式起重机是建筑、水电、核电站建设等常用的工程机械。主要包括升降、旋转、汽车牵引变压器,车,液压自升式等机构步行和吊梁框架,平衡臂和塔,主要的塔式起重机金属结构，而塔机必须具备以下特点：

（1）起升的高度和工作幅度较大、起重力矩大。