摘 要

制冷除湿机是属于制冷空调这一大家庭中的一个小成员。当前全球除湿机的主要产地集中在日本、意大利和台湾等地，中国在全球除湿机市场中的地位其实不高。尤其是家用除湿机，一向以出口为主，仅仅是刚刚被中国的消费者认知。

除湿机凭借除湿机原理可分为冷冻式除湿机和吸附式式除湿机，其中家用冷冻式除湿机属于制冷空调家庭中的一个小成员。一般，除湿机是由压缩机、热交换器、电扇、机壳及控制器等部件构成。其工作原理为：由电扇将湿润的空气抽入机内，经过热交换器，此时空气中的水冷凝成小水珠，而处理过后的干燥空气则排出机外，如此循环来使室内湿度下降。

本课题研究的就是制冷除湿机设计。制冷除湿的方法是在制冷系统中使蒸发器的表面温度低于露点温度，潮湿空气经过蒸发器就会冷凝为水析出，而使空气得到干燥。除湿机与空调器其结构大体相同, 包括蒸发器、冷凝器、压缩机, 毛细管、风机等几个主要部件。不同之处在于空调器室内、室外共使用台风机、分别进行热交换。而除湿机由一个风道在风机的作用下湿空气与蒸发器、冷凝器进行热交换。除湿机按结构与功能可分为三部分:制冷循环（内循环）部分、空气循环（外循环）部分、电气控制部分。内循环主要是由压缩机的运行将吸入蒸发器的低温、低压制冷剂压缩后形成高温、高压气体，然后经过冷凝器冷却变成低温、高压气体，再通过毛细管节流形成低温、低压液体，然后进入蒸发器蒸发吸热后成为低温、低压的气体回到压缩机。如此构成内循环将潮湿的水分凝聚出来。外循环部分由进风口、出风口、离心风机、风道组成。通过风机的运行让湿空气与蒸发器表面接触进行热交换。由于蒸发器表面温度较低, 经过滤的湿空气被冷却、去湿后水分就冷凝吸附在铝片上，冷却、去湿后的空气经冷凝器加热后再由离心风机送出机外。电气控制部分控制电源的开关闭合、压缩机和风机同时通电开始工作。

本课题的研究采用理论计算，主要进行了系统的热平衡计算，即湿空气处理的计算和制冷压缩循环热力计算，从而确定冷凝器、蒸发器负荷及进、出口温度，然后完成蒸发器、冷凝器的结构设计，最后确定其外形结构及阻力压力降。

通过本课题的研究，制冷除湿机不仅可以有效的降低空气湿度和提高湿生活生产和储存环境的空气湿度达到最理想的状态，还能去除湿润环境带来的不良影响和危害。除湿机通过运转可以将空气中湿润的水分和漂浮的微小颗粒除去，使空气变得干爽、干燥以及清新。然而除湿机市场的成熟以及发展之路还需要一段不短的时间，技术质量的提升、产品功能以及外观的多样化发展也是行业亟需解决的重大问题。另外国家还需出台相关行业标准来引导和促进除湿机市场的规范。相信在多方的不断努力之下，除湿机肯定能够在不久的未来会迎来辉煌的新篇章。

关键词：除湿机 压缩机 蒸发器 冷凝器

Design of 5kg/h refrigeration dehumidifier

Abstract

Refrigeration dehumidifier is a small member of the big family of refrigeration and air conditioning. At present, the main origin of the global desiccant is concentrated in Japan, Italy and Taiwan and other places, China's position in the global market is not high. In particular, the home desiccant, has always been the main export, just by China's consumer awareness.

By virtue of the principle of the machine can be divided into two types of refrigeration and adsorption refrigeration and adsorption type desiccant, which is a small household refrigeration air conditioning air conditioning in the family of a small member. In general, the dehumidifier is composed of compressor, heat exchanger, electric fan, chassis and controller etc.. Its working principle: by fans to moist air is pumped into the machine, through the heat exchanger, when the water in the air is condensed into water droplets, and after processing of dry air is discharged out of the machine, so the cycle to make the indoor humidity decreased.

The research of this topic is the design of the refrigeration and desiccant. The method of refrigeration and desiccant is that the surface temperature of the evaporator is lower than the dew point temperature in the refrigeration system, the humid air is condensed into water after the evaporator is condensed into water, and the air is dried. The structure of the air conditioner is roughly the same as that of the air conditioner, which comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a capillary tube and a blower. The difference is that the air conditioner indoor and outdoor use of a typhoon machine, respectively, heat exchange. The desiccant is made up of an air duct in the air and the evaporator and the condenser are heat exchange under the action of the wind turbine. According to the structure and function, the machine can be divided into three parts: the refrigeration cycle (inner loop), the air circulation (outer loop) and the electric control part. Inner loop is formed in the high temperature and high pressure gas by the operation of the compressor will be inhaled vapor at low temperature and low pressure refrigerant compressed, and then through the condenser cooling into low temperature and high pressure gas, together to form the low temperature and low pressure liquid by capillary throttling, then enters into the evaporator evaporation endothermic become low-temperature, low-pressure air back to the compressor. In this way, the moisture inside the loop will condense. The outer circulation part is composed of an air inlet, an air outlet, a centrifugal fan and an air duct. Through the operation of the wind turbine, the wet air is contacted with the surface of the evaporator for heat exchange. Due to the lower surface temperature of the evaporator, the filtered wet air is cooled, the water is condensed and adsorbed on the aluminum sheet, and the air is heated by the condenser, and then is sent out by the centrifugal fan. Electrical control part of the control power supply switch closure, compressor and fan at the same time power to start work.

By theoretical calculation research of this topic, mainly for the heat balance calculation, namely, wet calculation of air conditioning and refrigeration cycle thermodynamic calculation to determine condenser, evaporator load and into, exit temperature, and then complete the structural design of the evaporator and condenser, finally determined the shape, structure and resistance pressure drop.

Through the study of this topic, refrigeration and dehumidification machine not only can effectively reduce air humidity and improving the wet production and storage environment air humidity reached the ideal state, but also to remove humid environment brings bad influence and harm. Dehumidifier through the operation can be the air moist moisture and the small floating particles removed, so that the air becomes dry, dry and fresh. However, the maturity of the market and the development of the market also need a short period of time, the quality of technology, product features and appearance of the diversified development of the industry is also an urgent need to solve the major problems. In addition, the country needs to introduce relevant industry standards to guide and promote the specification of the market. I believe that in the continuous efforts of all parties, the desiccant will certainly be able to usher in a glorious new chapter in the near future.

Key words: dehumidifier compressor evaporator condenser

目录

摘要 2

Abstract 4

目录 7

第一章 绪论 9

1.1我国除湿机现状 9

1.2除湿机工作原理 10

1.3除湿机作用与优缺点 13