摘 要

因为水凝拥有有非常好的保水性、以及其他一些列性能，所以广泛应用于各个领域。比如说生物领域，工业，农业各种领域都会用到水凝胶，而聚合物/纳米复合水凝胶由于其优异的性能成为了研究的焦点。因为氧化石墨烯的拥有特殊的性质所以现在各大研究者们都会将其加入到水凝胶之中，这样就可以改变水凝胶的一些性质，提高水凝胶的各项性能，可兼具聚合物的性质，改善了传统水凝胶强度差、性能单一、响应速度慢等缺陷，使聚合物/氧化石墨烯纳米复合水礙胶成为了一种新兴的材料，因此近年来关于其报道越来越多。

本论文采用Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯，再以有机N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（BIS）为交联剂，丙烯酰胺（AM）为单体，采用自由基聚合的方法制备PAM-GO-BIS复合凝胶，原来的PAM水凝胶，通常没有很强的力学强度且表现为脆性。将GO加入水凝胶（BIS-凝胶），GO-BIS凝胶变得非常坚韧，展现出相当好的力学属性。GO-BIS凝胶的机械性能和热性能因GO含量的变化也会产生很大的差异。本文进一步考察了凝胶的染料吸附，溶胀性能和流变性能，通过改变凝胶中的氧化石墨烯的含量来考察各个性能的变化差异，实验结果表明，氧化石墨烯含量的增加会使凝胶具备更好的吸附性能。然而由于氧化石墨烯的占比变多，会使得水凝胶中的交联部分变多，从而使得凝胶的吸水能力降低。同时当氧化石墨烯占比变多，从流变曲线上也能看出凝胶的储能模量变大，所以凝胶的力学性能变强。

关键词：氧化石墨烯，水凝胶，聚丙烯酰胺，压缩性能，溶胀平衡，染料吸附，流变性Properties of PAM / GO Oxidized Graphene Hydrogels

Abstract

Because the hydrogel has good water retention, biocompatibility and a certain degree of mechanical strength, it is widely used in hygienic products, daily necessities, biomedicine, chemical industry, civilengineering, agriculture, forestry and horticulture and other fields, and polymer / nano compound Hydrogels have become the focus of research because of their excellent properties. Due to the unique physicochemical properties of graphene oxide, the penetration of GO into hydrogels can improve the mechanical and thermal stability of complex hydrogels, and can combine the properties of polymers to improve the traditional hydrogel strength , The performance of a single, slow response and other defects, so that polymer / graphite oxide thin composite nano-water into a new material, so in recent years on its reports more and more.

In this paper, graphene oxide was prepared by Hummers method. The graphene oxide was oxidized in a vacuum oven. GO and organic N, N-methylene bis PAM-GO-BIS composite gel was prepared by free radical polymerization, and the original PAM hydrogel was usually crosslinked with N, N - Methylene bisacrylamide (BIS) usually exhibits significant weakness and fragility. After joining GO into the hydrogel (BIS-gel), the GO-BIS gel becomes very tough and exhibits a fairly good compressive force property. The mechanical and thermal properties of GO-BIS gels vary considerably due to changes in GO or BIS. This phenomenon may be due to the specific combination of microstructure caused by the GO film and BIS, as GO-BIS gel in the multi-functional cross-linking agent. However, the BIS gel has a higher equilibrium swell ratio than the corresponding GO-BIS gel. In addition, the adsorption, swelling property and rheological properties of the gels were investigated. The change of the graded graphene content in the gel was observed. The experimental results showed that the increase of the graphene content would make the pigment The adsorption capacity of the strengthening, and the reduction of graphene content will be faster to achieve the balance of swelling.

Key Words：Graphene oxide, Hydrogels, Polyacrylamide, Compression performance, Swell balance, Pigment adsorption, Rheological properties

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论………………………………………………………………………1

1.1水凝胶概述………………………………………………………………………1

1.1.1 水凝胶的简介………………………………………………………………1

1.1.2 水凝胶的性质………………………………………………………………2

1.1.3 水凝胶的应用………………………………………………………………2

1.2 氧化石墨烯水凝胶……………………………………………………………2

1.2.1石墨烯的简介………………………………………………………………2

1.2.2氧化石墨烯的简介…………………………………………………………3

1.2.3氧化石墨烯水凝胶的合成方法……………………………………………3

1.2.4 氧化石墨烯水凝胶的性能…………………………………………………4

1.3 氧化石墨烯水凝胶的研究现状 ………………………………………………4

1.4 本文的研究内容………………………………………………………………5

第二章 实验部分…………………………………………………………………6

2.1 实验原料………………………………………………………………………6

2.2 主要设备及仪器………………………………………………………………6

2.3 制备及测试……………………………………………………………………7

2.3.1 氧化石墨烯制备…………………………………………………………7

2.3.2 氧化石墨烯水凝胶的制备………………………………………………7

2.4相关的测试表征…………………………………………………………………8

2.4.1 压缩强度测试……………………………………………………………8

2.4.2 溶胀性测试………………………………………………………………8

2.4.3 染料吸附测试……………………………………………………………8

2.4.4 流变性能测试……………………………………………………………8

2.4.5 傅里叶红外光谱测试……………………………………………………8

第三章 结果与讨论………………………………………………………………9

3.1 红外分析………………………………………………………………………9

3.2 力学性能………………………………………………………………………10

3.3 溶胀性能………………………………………………………………………11

3.4 染料吸附性能…………………………………………………………………12

3.5 流变性能………………………………………………………………………13

第四章 结论与展望……………………………………………………………14

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………15

致谢…………………………………………………………………………………18

第一章 绪论

1.1水凝胶的概述

1.1.1水凝胶的简介

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