Graduation Design (Dissertation) of Wuhan University of Technology

Frame design of vehicles for dismantling end-of-life vehicles

College(School): International Education College

Specialty amp; Class: Automotive Engineering gj1303

Student name: Yian Wang

Tutor: Xunpeng Qin

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Abstract

The demand for the light quantification and lower cost of vehicles is higher and higher, so the standard of the designing of the structure of the frame is high. First of all, it should meet the requirements of automobile general arrangement, and frame layout from the ground, to reduce vehicle center of gravity position and improve the driving stability of the vehicle. Frame is used under a heavy and complicated external force condition, and easy to cause various forms of deformation, such as: vehicle static load and dynamic load can cause the vertical bending deformation of the frame, turning can cause frame lateral bending deformation, driving over potholes on the road will cause distortion of frame. General design of the frame is in reference to other similar models and related regulations, on the basis of determining the structure of chassis frame, frame integral design contains the number of motor shaft, the driving form analysis, decorate a form of analysis; The main size and the choice of parameters, the size of the external profile, the wheelbase, the front suspension, the rear suspension, the length of the truck, the length of the car, etc. The determination of quality parameters includes the vehicle curb weight, loading coefficient of quality, quality, vehicles, total quality and axial load distribution. The frame is one of the most important parts of the car.

The design of the " vehicles for dismantling end-of-life vehicles " can dismantle the car by driving to the destination for the dismantling of the car, compared to the traditional car dismantling, it is more flexible and efficient, and it brings customers and enterprises more convenience. The fundamental purpose of this design is to improve the non-car recycling rate by using a more scientific and convenient way to standardize the recovery.

Keywords: Frame; Structure; End-of-life Vehicle Dismantling; The Wheelbase

CATALOG

Abstract IV

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 The purpose and significance of the research 1

1.2 Research Status at China and Other Countries 3

1.3 Basic parameters and the research of this subject 4

Chapter 2 Overall program demonstration 6

2.1 Frame design 6

2.2 Suspension design 6

2.3 Overall design and size determination 7

Chapter 3 Frame assembly design 10

3．1 The structural design of the frame 10

3.1.1 Determination of longitudinal beam form 11

3.1.2 Determination of horizontal beam form 11

3.1.3 The link between the longitudinal beam and the horizontal beam 12

3．2 The technical requirements and material selection of the frame 13

3.3 The design of the frame 14

3.3.1 Frame material selection 14

3.3.2 The welding sequence of the frame 14

Chapter 4 Design and calculation of the frame 17

4.1 The calculation of the frame： 17

4.1.1 Longitudinal bending stress of longitudinal beam 17

4.1.2 Local torsional stress 19

4.1.3 Stress of the longitudinal beam when the frame is twisted 19

4.2 Frame load analysis 20

4.2.1 Symmetrical vertical dynamic load 20

4.2.2 Oblique symmetrical dynamic load 20

4.3 Calculation of Bending Strength of Frame 21

4.3.1 Force analysis 21

4.3.2 Calculation of bending moment 21

4.3.3 Strength checking 24

4．4 Calculation of Torsional Stress of Frame 25

4.4.1 Force analysis 25

4.4.2 Calculation of the maximum torque 25

Conclusion 28

Acknowledge 29

References 30

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 The purpose and significance of the research

End-of-life vehicles contain many recyclable metals and non-metallic materials, which have a great value. It is also an important part of the national recycling economy. Its recycling has broad prospects, of which 90% of steel and non-ferrous metals can be recycled, so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy, materials and costs. The specification of the scrapped car dismantling can, to some extent, slow down the destruction of the environment during the dismantling of the scrapped cars. Scrapped car can save resources, to achieve circular economy and sustainable development after dismantling, classification and recycling.

The design of the " vehicles for dismantling end-of-life vehicles " can dismantle the car by driving to the destination for the dismantling of the car, compared to the traditional car dismantling, it is more flexible and efficient, and it brings customers and enterprises more convenience. The fundamental purpose of this design is to improve the non-car recycling rate by using a more scientific and convenient way to standardize the recovery.

This thesis is mainly about the frame design of the vehicles for dismantling end-of-life vehicles. The vehicle frame is the base of installation of the assembly of the vehicle matrix, it has the function that combines the engine, chassis and the vehicle body assembly into an organic whole. That is, it links the assembly and makes it become a complete car. At the same time, the frame also need to bear the quality of the car’s assembly, the payload quality, and the force and moment that occur when the vehicle is running. This means that the frame need to bear a variety of static load and dynamic load. Vehicle frame is the whole car's base and the mental frame which can link the vehicle assembly and parts of the vehicle into the whole vehicle. For this metal frame, the manufacturer in the production design should consider about a reasonable structure and production process specifications. Besides, all practicable measures should be taken to eliminate process defects and to ensure that it will not be destroyed easily when it is under a variety of complex forces. With the development of computer technology, the static stress, stiffness, vibration mode and dynamic stress as well as the collision safety of the frame can be analyzed by finite element method in the product development stage. A preliminary judgment can also be made about its weight, service life, vibration and noise characteristics in order to shorten the product development cycle and then create favorable conditions.