石墨烯电化学性质在材料保护中的应用毕业论文
2021-02-28 21:42:15
摘 要
在电子行业中,电子元器件之间的超细间距成为封装过程中的重点,锡铅焊料由于焊点较大,很难满足这要求,此外对于热敏性电子元器件,锡铅焊料同样不适用。可同于精密电子元器件的导电胶的出现解决了这些超细间距的互连问题,导电胶因其优异的导电导热性能被广泛应用于封装材料。随着电子数码产品的微型化,电子元器件之间的间距进一步减小,电子工业对导电胶性能的要求也越来越高,因此研究电学性能优异导电胶具有十分重要的意义。基于纳米银和石墨烯的优异性能,本文研究了纳米银/石墨烯复合物的制备,并探讨其对导电胶性能的影响,同时制备了铜基导电胶与石墨导电胶作为对比,并探究不同填料对导电胶性能的影响。本文的主要内容如下:
(1)以氧化石墨烯为起始反应物,硝酸银为银源,硼氢化钠为还原剂,通过液相还原法制备了纳米银/石墨烯复合物。表征结果表明,氧化石墨烯中的含氧基团如羧基、环氧基等被较高程度的还原,复合物中纳米银很好的分散于石墨烯表面。
(2)以300目铜粉、自制纳米银/石墨烯混合作为导电胶导电填料,制备了添加不同含量石墨烯改性铜基导电胶,以纳米银/石墨烯含量为变量探究了其对导电胶各项性能的影响。结果表明,导电胶的电导率随着纳米银/石墨烯复合物含量的增加出现先上升后减小的趋势。
(3)分别以石墨与改性铜粉作为导电胶导电填料,制备不同含量的石墨导电胶与改性铜粉导电胶,并研究不同导电填料对导电胶各项性能的影响,同时探究了铜粉的硅烷偶联剂的改性对铜基导电胶电性能的影响。结果发现,石墨导电胶的电阻率随着石墨含量的增加出现下降后上升的趋势,在石墨含量为2%时,导电胶的电阻率最低;偶联剂的加入使得导电胶的逾渗阈值降低,并提高了导电胶的电导率。
关键词:导电胶;导电填料;纳米银/石墨烯;电阻率
Abstract
In the electronic products processing and production process often there are some ultra-fine gaps. And the presence of these gaps becomes the focus of packaging between the chip and the printed circuit board and the substrate, Tin-lead solder is difficult to meet this requirement. In addition, for the heat-sensitive electronic components, tin-lead solder also does not apply Conductive adhesive is widely used in packaging materials because of its excellent performance. As the electronic products gradually to the miniaturization, portable and sophisticated development, device integration gradually increased, on the conductive plastic electrical, thermal and other performance requirements are getting higher and higher, so the study of excellent electrical properties of conductive adhesive has a very important significance.Based on the excellent properties of nano silver and graphene, in this paper, the preparation of nano-silver / graphene compo-sites was stu-died and the effect on the properties of conductive adhesive was discussed. At the same time, copper-based conductive adhesive and graphite conductive adhesive were prepared and the influence of different packing on the properties of conductive adhesive was also discussed. The main contents of this paper are as follows:
(1) Nanometer silver / graphene complex was prepared by liquid in situ reduction method using AgNO3 as silver source and NaBH4 as reducing agent. The results show that the graphene is reduced to a high degree, and the nano silver in the nano silver / graphene complex is well dispersed on the surface of graphene.
(2)The addition of different content of graphene modified copper-based conductive adhesive was prepared by using 300 mesh copper powder, nano silver/graphene composite and conductive adhesive as filler. And the effects of different nano silver/graphene content on the properties of conductive adhesive were studied. It was found that the resistivity of conductive adhesive rise after the decline of nano silver / graphene content.
(3)Using graphene and modified copper powder as conductive adhesive conductive filler to prepare different content of graphite conductive adhesive and modified copper powder conductive adhesive, and to study the impact of different conductive filler on the performance of conductive adhesive. It was found that with the increase of graphite content.,there is a tendency of the resistivity of graphite conductive adhesive to rise after the decline .In the graphite content of 2%, the conductive adhesive is of the lowest resistivity.
Keywords: Conductive adhesive; Conductive filler; Nanometers sivler/graphene; Resistivity
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1前言 1
1.2导电胶及其应用 1
1.2.1导电胶的组成 2
1.2.2导电胶的应用 2
1.3导电胶的导电机理及其性能提升 3
1.3.1导电胶的导电机理 3
1.3.2 导电胶性能提升 5
1.3.2.1 导电填料的选择 5
1.3.2.2 提高基体树脂的收缩率 5
1.3.2.3 添加低熔点合金 6
1.3.2.4 导电填料的表面处理 7
1.3.2.5 导电填料的抗氧化 7
1.4导电胶的研究进展 8
1.4.1铜系导电胶 8
1.4.2银系导电胶 10
1.4.3碳系导电胶 10
1.5石墨烯结构及其性能 12
1.5.1石墨烯的结构 13
1.5.2石墨烯的性能 14
1.5.2.1电学性能 14
1.5.2.2 热学性能 15
1.6石墨烯的制备 15
1.6.1氧化石墨-还原途径 15
1.6.2 机械剥离途径 16
1.6.3 沉积生长途径 17
1.7石墨烯在导电胶中的应用 17
第2章 实验部分 18
2.1实验仪器及药品 18
2.1.1实验仪器 18
2.1.2实验药品 18
2.2 纳米银/石墨烯复合物的合成与表征 19
2.2.1纳米银/石墨烯的表征 20
2.2.2.1纳米银/石墨烯的红外表征 20
2.2.2.1纳米银/石墨烯的紫外表征 20
2.3铜系导电胶与石墨烯改性铜基导电胶的制备与性能测试 21
2.3.1铜粉的预处理 21
2.3.2纯铜板的预处理 21
2.3.3树脂的预处理 21
2.3.4不同金属导电填料含量对导电胶的电性能影响 22
2.3.4.1导电填料的最优含量 23
2.3.5.固化剂对导电胶的电性能影响研究 23
2.3.6.温度对固化时间的影响 24
2.3.7.掺杂改性石墨烯对铜基导电胶电性能的影响 24
2.3.8.铜粉改性对导电胶电性能的影响 25
2.3.9.铜基导电胶与石墨烯改性铜基导电胶的性能测试与表征 26
2.3.9.1导电胶的红外表征 26
2.3.9.2导电胶的热重分析 26
2.4.石墨烯导电胶制备及其性能测试与表征 27
2.4.1石墨烯添加量对导电胶的性能影响 27
2.4.2石墨烯导电胶性能测试及其表征 28
2.5.石墨-环氧树脂导电胶的制备及其性能测试与表征 30
2.5.1石墨的预处理 30
2.5.2石墨添加量对导电胶的性能影响 30
3.5.3石墨导电胶性能测试及其表征 31
第4章 总结与展望 32
参考文献 33
致 谢 38
第1章 绪论
1.1前言
在电子行业中,锡铅焊料一直被用作于电子器件之间的连接材料。锡铅焊料中铅的含量在40%左右[1],随着使用时间的延长,人们对铅对环境及人体的危害产生了越来越多的顾虑,美国、欧盟各国及日本先后禁止铅在电子器件中的使用[2-5]。与此同时,电子产品越来越精密,逐渐向便携化发展,器件集成度逐渐增高[6],电子产品单位面积上的元器件数量越来越多,元器件之间多的间距越来越小,开发可用于精密电子产品的连接材料迫在眉睫,而导电胶正是理想的替代品[7]。
市面上多数传统的导电胶体积电阻率不高[8],多数导电胶的电阻率仍然维持在10-2到10-4Ω·cm[9-11],与锡铅焊料的电阻率(1.5×l0-5Ω·cm)相较仍有大差距。为了满足不同产品的封装需求,碳家族材料如一维材料碳纳米管、碳纳米线与二维材料石墨烯作为填料制备导电胶。
1.2导电胶及其应用
导电胶即导电胶粘剂,从字面上理解,它是同时具有导电性和胶黏性的固化之后具有导电作用的胶粘剂,它通常以基体树脂(环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、不饱和树脂等)和导电填料组成,导电粒子通过基体树脂的胶黏作用结合在一起,导电粒子相互接触导电通路,在固化后在被粘材料表面形成导电连接[12]。
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