摘 要

能源行业作为我国经济支柱，同时他们也是环境污染和能源消耗的最大元凶，由于高温高能余热的回收利用较为简单所以目前已经得到很好的回收利用，但是低温余热回收的开发利用程度远远低于国外科技发展的发达国家的平均水平，也就是在实际工业生产过程中依然有很大一部分能源和热量是被忽略并且浪费的。

本课题是来源于工业生产的实际应用性项目，本文从节能减排及余热回收的角度测度科技上的创新对工厂绿色发展的影响，提出设计新的可替代的能源收集系统，具有极高的实用价值和推广意义。考虑到换热设备在余热回收系统中的重要地位，本文着重研究了换热性能极佳，结构简单的热管式换热器，本文首先根据所给出冷流体参数进行热平衡计算，根据冷热流体之间的关系计算求出烟气的质量流量，然后按照常规的热管式气-气换热器的热力计算方法，进行热管式换热器的设计计算。针对本课题的应用环境特殊性，本文所涉及热管换热器的设计方案需要注意很多地方，采取相应措施，确保烟气侧不发生积灰堵塞问题，设计较大的翅片管的翅片间距。在热管腰板与中孔板之间采取良好的密封措施，确保更换热管的方便和良好的密封性能，设计合理的热管式换热器的压降以实现设备的合理化应用。并且对第一排和最后一排热管的壁温进行校核计算，将壁温调整到烟气的露点温度以上，以防止露点腐蚀，本文也对热管换热器的结构设计和制造工艺进行了一定的研究，选取和设计换热效率和经济效益最高的换热器。

将热管应用于余热回收系统的技术和设计对于实现现代化产业结构优化，缓解环境污染和能源短缺压力，响应绿色发展理念，不仅实现经济效益的还带来良好的社会效益具有深刻的指导意义。本文也意识到如果想要推动节能产业发展，就要加大节能关键和共性技术攻关力度、重点发展低品位余热回收发电技术。

因而，热管换热器的研究和开发依然是未来所要不断进行研究的课题和所要攻克突破的入口。

关键词：余热回收 热管式换热器 节能减排

Design of 32000Nm³/h heat pipe type waste heat recovery system

Abstract

Energy industry as the backbone of China' s economy, at the same time they are also the biggest culprit of environmental pollution and energy consumption ,because the and utilization of high-temperature high-energy heat is relatively simple, so it has been well recycled, but the development and utilization of low temperature waste heat recovery is far lower than the average level of developed countries abroad. That is, in the actual industrial production process there is still a large part of energy and heat is neglected and wasted.

This topic is derived from the practical application of industrial production projects. This paper from the point of view of energy saving and emission reduction and waste heat recovery to measure the role of scientific and technological innovation on the green development of factories. collection system has a very high practical value and promotional significance. Considering the important position of heat exchanger equipment in waste heat recovery system, this paper focuses on the excellent heat transfer performance and simple structure of heat pipe heat exchangers. In this paper, the thermal balance calculation is carried out according to the parameters given in cold fluid, the mass flow rate of flue gas is calculated according to the relationship between hot and cold fluids, and then the design and calculation of heat pipe heat exchanger is carried out according to the conventional thermal calculation method of heat pipe gas-gas heat exchanger. The design scheme of heat pipe heat exchanger involved in this paper needs to pay attention to many places, in view of the particularity of the application environment of this subject, we should take corresponding measures to ensure that there is no ash plugging problem on the hot side of the flue gas, so the fin spacing of the finned tube should be selected appropriately. Good sealing measures are taken between the heat pipe waist and the medium orifice plate to ensure the convenience and good sealing performance of the replacement heat pipe, and to control the pressure drop of the heat pipe heat exchanger to realize the rationalization application of the equipment. The wall temperature of the first row and the last row of heat pipe is checked and calculated, and the wall temperature is adjusted to the dew point temperature of the flue gas to prevent dew point corrosion. The structure design and manufacturing process of heat pipe heat exchanger are studied, and the heat exchanger with the highest heat exchange efficiency and economic benefit is selected and designed.

The technology and design of applying heat pipe to waste heat recovery system are of profound guiding significance for realizing the optimization of modern industrial structure, relieving the pressure of environmental pollution and energy shortage, better responding to the concept of green development, realizing economic benefits and bringing good social benefits. This article also realized that if we want to promote the development of energy-saving industry, we must increase the key and common technology of energy conservation, equipment and research efforts, focusing on the low-grade waste heat recovery power generation technology, high-efficiency energy-saving motor, high-performance insulation material equivalent wide range of energy.

Therefore, the research and development of heat pipe heat exchanger is still the subject of continuous research in the future and the entrance to overcome the breakthrough.

Key words: Waste heat recovery; Heat pipe heat exchanger; Energy saving and emission reduction

符 号

符号	符号意义
	流体体积，
	流体速度，
	密度，
	导热系数，
	流体粘度
	普朗特数
	热量，W
	定压比热容
	对数平均温差,
	迎风面积，
	迎风面宽度，
	管子最小流通截面积，
	质量流量速度，
Re	雷诺数
	流体的换热系数，
	翅片效率
	每米长热管管外总表面积，
	每米长热管的翅片表面积，
	每米长翅片间管表面积，
	单根热管两侧总面积，
	污垢热阻，
	内径传热面积，
	管壁热阻，
	总传热系数，
	压降，Pa
	摩擦系数
	当量直径，
	热管蒸发段长度，
	热管冷凝段长度，

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II