族群社会学视角下族群关系的变化及其影响因素

论文总字数：33160字

摘 要

Abstract ………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ

1. 绪论 ………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 引言 …………………………………………………………………1

1.2 文献综述 …………………………………………………………………1

1.2.1族群与民族的定义与划分 ……………………………………1

1.2.2族群认同理论探析：“原生论”与“场景论” 及“边界 ”…2

1.2.3族群关系分析方法 ………………………………4

1.2.4国内地域族群相关研究 …………………… 5

1.3研究问题与理论框架 …………………………………………………7

1.3.1研究问题 …………………………………………………7

1.3.2主要理论框架 ……………………………………………7

1.3.3研究方法 ……………………………………………8

1. 族群边界的产生：地理、历史与文化 …………………9
2. 族群冲突与族群融合：族群认同基础上的典型场景 …………12
3. 何时冲突何时融合：影响族群关系的因素 …………………18

4.1人口因素和人文生态因素 …………………………………………18

4.1.1人口因素 …………………………………………18

4.1.2人文生态因素 …………………………………………20

4.2文化因素和心理因素 ………………………………………21

4.3经济结构因素和社会结构因素 ………………………………………26

结论 …………………………………………………………………………………28

致谢 …………………………………………………………………………………30

参考文献（References） ……………………………………………………………31

地域性族群冲突与族群融合现象探究——基于江苏省靖江市的分析

摘要

本文从族群关系的视角，对江苏省靖江市的两个地域性族群进行了个案研究。笔者认为，两个同质性很高的地域性族群，在日益频繁的交往中会经历族群融合的过程，但是在这个过程中，他们也会在日常的交往场合中发生族群冲突，这都和他们的族群特质息息相关。而影响族群间的关系有很多因素都对族群关系有着很重要的影响，影响着族群融合和族群冲突的趋势。通过对靖江市这个个案的研究，笔者发现，大部分的族群冲突和族群融合现象都是在日常交往场合中表现出来，而受到人口、人文生态、文化因素的影响，族群的自我特质不断传承，并且使得族群成员具有较高的族群认同感，对其他族群存在不认同和排斥的心理，同时还存在着族群之间在利益上的矛盾，族群冲突就会产生；而由于心理因素、经济结构和社会结构因素的不断变化，本来会引起族群冲突的心理偏见和刻板印象、资源利益的分配格局等都会发生改变，而族群的文化特质在社会变迁和族群交往的过程中会逐渐淡化，此时就会发生族群的融合。因此，族群的内在特质传承保护的越好，族群成员的认同程度越高，族群之间的差异越明显，而且族群之间在利益上存在矛盾的时候，族群之间就更有可能产生冲突；如果族群的文化特质不再明显，族群间的同质化程度越来越高，族群间的交流越来越频繁，族群间的利益和资源分配能协调平衡，那么族群就趋向于融合。

关键词：族群关系 族群融合 族群冲突

A study of regional ethnic conflict and ethnic integration -- Based on the analysis of Jingjiang city in Jiangsu Province

Abstract

From the perspective of ethnic relationship, this paper makes a case study of two regional ethnic groups in Jingjiang City, Jiangsu province. The author believes that the two very high degree of homogeneity of regional groups, in the increasingly frequent exchanges will undergo a process of ethnic integration, but in the process, they will in daily communication occasions in ethnic conflict, this and their ethnic characteristics are closely related. There are many factors that influence the relationship between ethnic groups. They all have a very important influence on ethnic relationship，and affect the trend of integration and conflict between ethnic groups. Through the research on the case of Jingjiang, the author found that most of the ethnic conflict and ethnic integration phenomenon is manifested in the daily communication occasions, affected population, cultural ecology, cultural factors, ethnic identity inheritance, and the one ethnic group members have higher ethnic identity to other ethnic groups. There is no recognition and rejection, there is also in the interests of the conflict between ethnic groups, ethnic conflict will occur. And due to the changing of psychological factors, economic structure and social structure factors, psychological biases and stereotypes would have caused by ethnic conflicts, the impression of resources in the interests of distribution pattern can be changed, but the process of ethnic culture in social change and ethnic exchanges will gradually fade, this will be the ethnic fusion. Therefore, ethnic characteristics inherent in heritage protection better, members of a group of the higher degree of identity, more obvious differences between ethnic groups and between ethnic groups in the interests exist between, between ethnic groups are more likely to conflict; if the cultural characteristics of the ethnic group is no longer significant and increasingly high degree of homogeneity among populations, inter- ethnic communication has become more and more frequent, the inter-ethnic interests and resource allocation can balance, then groups tend to merge.

Keyword: ethnic relationship ethnic integration ethnic conflict

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