适龄女性的工作组织因素对其二孩生育意愿的影响

论文总字数：24298字

摘 要

当前为了缓和我国人口老龄化问题，国家已出台政策允许全面放开二孩。然而，随着男女平等观念的深入和教育事业的发展，已经有越来越多的女性进入职场女性的行列之中。由此，职场中的工作组织因素是否会影响到女性的二孩生育意愿就成为一个值得研究的问题。本文利用定性研究方法，对三名在体制内工作的女性、五名在体制外工作的女性和一名人力资源专员进行访谈。笔者借助贝克尔关于家庭对孩子的需求理论和文献的启发，再经过对访谈稿的分析，最终通过分别探索工作组织与国家、工作组织与家庭以及工作组织与个人这三对关系，得出工作组织的政府背景、工作时间、工作压力、工作内容可替代性、工作组织的管理、工作收入以及工作稳定性这七个因素会影响职场女性二孩生育意愿的结论。

关键词：生育意愿 工作稳定性 工资收入 工作时间 工作可替代性 政府背景

ABSTRACT

The current effort to ease the problem of population aging, countries have introduced policies to allow open up two children. However, with the deepening of the concept of equality between men and women, and the development of education, there have been more and more women entering the workplace. Thus, in the workplace work organization factors will affect women's second child birth will become a problem worth studying. In this paper, using qualitative research methods, the three women who work within the system, five women who work outside the system, and a human resources specialist to interview. The author with the help of Becker about family, the child's demand theory and literature, and then through the analysis of the interview, ultimately through exploration work organization and country respectively, work organization and family and work organization and individual this three pairs of relationships, it is concluded that the government background of work organization, working hours, job stress, job content alternative work, work organization management, income and stability of these seven factors affect the career women second child birth the will of the conclusion.

Key words: birth preference; job stability; income; working hours; job content alternative work; government background

目 录

第一章 问题与背景........................................................................................................................4

第二章 文献回顾与评述................................................................................................................4

一 国内关于生育意愿的研究.....................................................................................................4

（一）女性生育意愿与生育行为之间的差异及其影响因素.................................................4

（二）女性生育意愿的影响因素.............................................................................................4

（三）工作组织因素对女性生育意愿的影响.........................................................................5

二 文献评述................................................................................................................................5

第三章 研究设计............................................................................................................................6

一 概念界定................................................................................................................................6

（一）生育意愿.........................................................................................................................6

（二）工作组织因素.................................................................................................................6

二 研究目的及意义.....................................................................................................................6

三 理论指导——家庭对孩子的需求理论.................................................................................7

四 研究框架................................................................................................................................7

五 研究方法——访谈法.............................................................................................................8

第四章 分析部分............................................................................................................................8

一 工作组织与政府的矛盾关系.................................................................................................8

（一）生育福利措施................................................................................................................8

（二）政府背景/工作组织性质...............................................................................................9

二 工作组织与家庭的冲突关系...............................................................................................10

（一）时间和精力...................................................................................................................10

（二）工作压力.......................................................................................................................10

（三）工作内容可替代性.......................................................................................................11

（四）工作收入.......................................................................................................................11

（五）工作组织的管理...........................................................................................................12

三 工作组织与个人可能存在的冲突关系...............................................................................12

（一）个人晋升.......................................................................................................................12

（二）工作稳定性...................................................................................................................13

第五章 结论与不足......................................................................................................................14

一 研究结论..............................................................................................................................14

二 本研究的不足.......................................................................................................................14

附：访谈活动记录..........................................................................................................................15

致谢................................................................................................................................................16

参考文献............................................................................................... ........................................17

第一章 问题与背景

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