W-OH材料抗紫外性能研究

论文总字数：42375字

摘 要

W-OH材料是一种新型高亲水性聚氨酯树脂复合材料。该材料极易溶于水，与水混合后迅速发生固化反应，是一种优良的生态修复材料，在防治黄河中游砒砂岩地区水土流失中有良好的应用前景。

本课题研究了W-OH材料在紫外光照下的老化特性，考察了在紫外光照下W-OH材料的质量及力学性能的变化情况，并进一步研究了pH、PVA、EVA、UV-531等其他因素对W-OH材料紫外老化特性的影响。

实验结果表明：W-OH材料的质量随着紫外光照时间的增加而减小，且在光照短时间内质量损失速率相对较快，在光照时间达到一定长度后材料的质量几乎不再变化；W-OH材料的力学性能在光照短时间内略有提高，之后逐渐降低；添加PVA或EVA的W-OH材料的质量亏损率均有所减小，力学性能均显著提高，且EVA比PVA效果更好；pH值对W-OH材料的质量亏损率和抗拉强度都有影响，酸性和碱性条件均可以降低材料的紫外线稳定性，且酸性条件的负作用更大；UV-531可以有效提高W-OH材料的紫外线稳定性，添加UV-531后材料的质量和力学性能的损失速率都显著减小。

关键词：W-OH型聚氨酯，紫外老化，质量亏损，抗拉强度

RESEARCH ON ANTI-ULTRAVIOLET PROPERTY OF

W-OH MATERIAL

Abstract

W-OH material is a kind of new-type hydrophilic polyurethane resin composite material. This material is very easily soluble in water; after its mixing with the water, the curing reaction quickly happens. It is a kind of excellent ecological repair material and has wide application prospect in preventing and controlling the water and soil loss in the soft rock area of middle yellow river.

This project researched the aging characteristic of W-OH material under UV-irradiation, investigated the change in the quality and mechanical property of W-OH material under UV-irradiation, and further researched the influence of pH, PVA, EVA, UV-531, and other factors on the aging characteristic of W-OH material under UV-irradiation.

The experimental results show: the quality of W-OH material decreases with the increase of UV-irradiation time, and the quality loss rate within short time of UV-irradiation is quick; while the UV-irradiation time reaches certain length, there is almost no change in the quality of material; the mechanical property of W-OH material slightly increases within short UV-irradiation time, and then gradually decreases; the quality loss rate of W-OH material added with PVA or EVA slightly decreases, and the mechanical property obviously increases, and the W-OH material added with EVA has a better effect than the W-OH material added with PVA; the pH value causes influence on the quality loss rate and tensile strength of W-OH material, the acid and alkaline condition can reduce the ultraviolet stability of material, and the acid condition has stronger negative effect; UV-531 can effectively improve the ultraviolet stability of W-OH material, and the loss rate of quality and mechanical performance of W-OH material added with UV-531 obviously decreases.

KEY WORDS: W-OH polyurethane, Ultraviolet aging, Quality loss, Tensile strength

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 聚氨酯的性质 1

1.3 聚氨酯的紫外老化效应 1

1.3.1 聚氨酯紫外老化原理 2

1.3.2 聚氨酯的紫外老化反应机理 2

1.3.3 聚氨酯的紫外老化行为 3

1.4 评价聚氨酯材料老化程度的方法 4

1.4.1 质量亏损 4

1.4.2 黄变程度 4

1.4.3 力学性能 4

1.4.4 样品表征 4

1.5 稳定剂对提高聚氨酯材料抗紫外性能的作用 5

1.5.1 光屏蔽剂 5

1.5.2 紫外线吸收剂 5

1.5.3 抗氧剂 5

1.5.4 稳定剂的复合应用 5

1.6 聚氨酯材料的应用前景 5

1.7 本课题研究的意义、目的和内容 6

1.7.1 研究意义 6

1.7.2 研究目的 6

1.7.3 研究内容 6

第二章 W-OH材料抗紫外性能研究 7

2.1 引言 7

2.2 材料与方法 7

2.2.1 实验材料 7

2.2.2 实验设计 7

2.2.3 实验方法 8

2.3 结果与讨论 11

2.3.1 W-OH材料与水混合烘干后质量的变化 11

2.3.2 浓度对W-OH材料固结时间的影响 13

2.3.3 浓度对W-OH材料紫外老化的影响 14

2.3.4 pH对W-OH材料紫外老化的影响 18

2.3.5 PVA对W-OH材料紫外老化的影响 22

2.3.6 EVA对W-OH材料紫外老化的影响 25

2.3.7 UV-531对W-OH材料紫外老化的影响 29

第三章 实验结论与建议 35

3.1 主要结论 35

3.2 建议 35

致谢 36

参考文献（References） 37

1. 绪 论

1.1 引言

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