论文总字数：27311字
摘 要
预应力混凝土梁拥有抗裂性好，跨度大，自重轻等优点。本桥就采用了预应力混凝土空心板梁，这种结构桥型受力明确，技术成熟，应用广泛，需要根据图纸及规范进行设计计算。其中主要包括构件几何尺寸的确定、断面布置的确定、作用组合效应计算、荷载计算、内力计算、影响线画图、配筋设计等。本设计用CAD制图对所设计的结构和配筋进行说明。
关键词：断面布置；内力计算；预应力
（5×18）M Prestressed Concrete Hollow Slab Beam Bridge Design
Abstract
Prestressed concrete beams have the advantages that they have high crack resistance，larger span，light dead load and so on. This bridge just choose to use the prestressed concrete，this kind of bridge is clear in the analysis of force and have mature technology，also is used widely,it need to design with the drawing and standard. The main design includes the confirm of geometry,the confirm of the section arrangement,the calculation of combined effects,loads and internal forces,drawing the influence line,design of reinforcing bars. This design use CAD to explain the structure and bars.
Keywords：The section arrangement；Internal force calculation；Prestressing force
目录
摘要...................................................................................................................................................I
Abstract.............................................................................................................................................II
第一章、绪论....................................................................................................................................1
第二章、桥梁概况............................................................................................................................3
2.1总体布置.................................................................................................................................3
2.2结构概况.................................................................................................................................3
2.3断面布置.................................................................................................................................3
2.4板块结构几何尺寸及截面特性.............................................................................................4
第三章、作用组合效应.....................................................................................................................6
3.1空心板永久作用下的效应.....................................................................................................6
3.1.1空心板自重（一期恒载）................................................................................................6
3.1.2桥面系自重（二期恒载）.................................................................................................6
3.1.3铰缝自重..........................................................................................................................6
3.2可变作用效应计算.................................................................................................................6
3.2.1冲击系数和车道折减系数计算......................................................................................7
3.2.2汽车荷载横向分布系数..................................................................................................7
3.2.3车道荷载效应计算........................................................................................................10
3.3作用效应组合.......................................................................................................................12
第四章、钢筋设计..........................................................................................................................13
4.1预应力钢筋数量估计...........................................................................................................14
4.2等效工字形截面...................................................................................................................15
4.3普通钢筋数量估计...............................................................................................................16
第五章、钢筋布置..........................................................................................................................17
5.1预应力钢筋布置...................................................................................................................17
5.2普通钢筋布置.......................................................................................................................18
第六章、截面几何特性..................................................................................................................19
6.1换算截面面积.......................................................................................................................19
6.2换算截面重心位置...............................................................................................................19
6.3换算截面惯性矩及弹性抵抗矩...........................................................................................19
第七章、承载能力极限状态.........................................................................................................21
7.1跨中截面抗弯承载力计算...................................................................................................21
7.2斜截面抗剪承载力...............................................................................................................21
7.2.1斜截面抗剪强度上下限复核............................................................................................21
7.2.2斜截面抗剪承载力计算....................................................................................................22
第八章、预应力损失.....................................................................................................................24
8.1锚具变形、钢丝回缩引起的预应力损失.............................................................................24
8.2加热养护引起的预应力损失...............................................................................................24
8.3预应力钢绞线由于钢筋松弛引起的预应力损失...............................................................24
8.4凝土弹性压缩引起的预应力损失.......................................................................................24
8.5混凝土收缩、徐变引起的预应力损失...............................................................................25
8.6预应力损失组合...................................................................................................................26
第九章、应力验算.........................................................................................................................28
9.1短暂状况的应力验算...........................................................................................................28
9.2持久状况的正应力验算.......................................................................................................28
9.2.1截面混凝土的正应力验算............................................................................................28
9.2.2持久状况下预应力钢筋的应力验算............................................................................28
9.2.3持久状况下的混凝土主应力验算................................................................................29
- 正常使用极限状态.........................................................................................................31
10.1正截面抗裂性验算.............................................................................................................31
10.2斜截面抗裂性验算.............................................................................................................32
- 主梁变形计算.............................................................................................................32
11.1荷载短期效应作用下主梁挠度.........................................................................................32
11.1.1可变荷载作用引起的挠度..........................................................................................32
11.1.2计算因为一、二期恒载引起的挠度............................................................................32
11.2预拱度设置.........................................................................................................................32
- 桥台设计.....................................................................................................................33
12.1桥台尺寸拟定.....................................................................................................................33
12.2作用效应计算.....................................................................................................................33
12.3根据单桩容许承载力验算桩长.........................................................................................34
12.4上部构造恒载反力及桥台台身重力计算.........................................................................34
12.5桩基承载能力验算.............................................................................................................35
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