浅谈幼儿园区域活动存在问题及指导策略

 2023-11-22 09:02:13

论文总字数:8860字

摘 要

区域活动,又称“活动区活动”。它是指在一个很小的区域内,幼儿根据自己的想法选择区域和活动材料,自主抉择活动的流程,在轻松愉悦的活动中通过主动探究,用图画积木等表达自己的体验的一种自主性活动。通过区域活动的开展,可以促进幼儿手,脑,眼的协调发展,培养幼儿勇于探索,乐于发现,勤于思考的学习品质,对幼儿具有重大的教育价值。在本文中,笔者主要从以下几个方面对幼儿园区域活动进行了探讨:首先,对区域活动内涵的认识和区域活动分类进行简要探讨;其次,分别从主客观两方面探讨了区域活动中存在的问题。最后,按活动前、中、后的顺序提出了指导区域活动有效进行的策略。

关键词:幼儿园,区域活动,对策

Abstract: The regional activities, also known as the "activity area". It means in a very small area, the children according to their own idea of selecting region and the active material, independent choice activity process, through active exploration in a relaxed and pleasant activities, an autonomous activities to express their experience with the picture blocks etc.. The regional activities, can promote children"s hands, brain,eye,coordination development, cultivate the courage to explore, to find, and think about the quality of learning, has great educational value for children. In this paper, the author mainly from the following several aspects of regional activities are discussed: firstly, understanding and regional classification on regional connotation are discussed; secondly, respectively, from the subjective and objective two aspects discusses the existing problems in regional activities. Finally, according to the activity before, after, in order to guide regional activities and puts forward some effective strategies.

Key words: Kindergarten, regional games, strategy

目录

1 区域活动的内涵········································3

2 区域活动中存在的问题·································· 4

2.1 环境创设的不合理···································· 4

2.2 活动材料的投放不到位································ 5

2.3 教师指导缺乏有效性·································· 5

2.4 对区域活动认识上的偏差······························ 5

2.5 活动评价方式单一化·································· 5

3 区域活动的指导策略···································· 6

3.1 做好充分的活动前准备································6

3.2 有效的活动中指导····································7

3.3 开放式的活动后评价·································· 8

结论 ················································11

参考文献·················································12

1 区域活动内涵

随着现代教育理念的不断普及,国家和社会越来越注重以人为本的教育理念,在幼儿园中,以幼儿为本的教育理念日渐渗透到日常活动中。区域活动,又称“活动区活动”,它是指在一个很小的区域内,幼儿根据自己的想法选择区域和活动材料,自主抉择活动的流程,在轻松愉悦的活动中通过主动探究,用图画积木等表达自己的体验的一种自主性活动。幼儿园区域活动是幼儿自主自发的活动,游戏的动机来源于幼儿的内部机制而非外在的强加实施,体现在“我要游戏”而非“要我游戏”,幼儿在活动中拥有充分的自主权,自主掌握活动的进程,途径,方法。幼儿园区域活动在幼儿园越来越普及,幼儿园区域活动倡导为幼儿提供一个宽松愉悦的环境,丰富的游戏材料,开放式的活动组织模式,充分体现幼儿为本的理念,成为了幼儿园最重要的活动之一。

正因为活动主体是充满想象力,创造力的幼儿,因此区域活动常常呈现出趣味性,多样性,灵活性.常见区域活动有如下几种类型:⑴建构区,如各种形状积木,拼接水管,雪花片等,培养幼儿动手能力,空间感。⑵角色游戏区,如娃娃家,小小理发师,XX小吃店等等,培养幼儿交往能力和促进其社会化。⑶阅读区,可以配置绘本,图画书,连环画等,师生共同阅读,同伴互讲书本内容,培养热爱读书的习惯等。⑷材料操作区,通过拼贴图画,捏橡皮泥,沙画等锻炼幼儿的动手能力以及想象创造力。⑸科学探究区,放置味道瓶,放大镜,传声筒,盆栽等锻炼幼儿感官,引导其热爱自然,发现自然的秘密。⑹沙水区,幼儿通过玩沙玩水,增加接近自然的情趣,培养其动手能力。⑺户外活动区,常设置滑滑梯,平衡木,跷跷板等,幼儿在与同伴游戏中体验游戏的快乐,同时促进身心健康发展。

区域活动是一个整体概念,一方面关注幼儿的主动性和兴趣,另一方面它是幼儿主动学习的基本条件,它是幼儿自主活动的主要形式[1]。幼儿通过自我组织活动,选择活动的类型与活动材料,自我探索游戏的途径与方法,自我发现游戏中存在的问题以及与同伴合作一起来探讨解决问题,从而有效的促进幼儿手,脑,眼的协调发展,培养幼儿勇于探索,乐于发现,勤于思考,促进其社会化与个性化的发展。幼儿园区域活动类型多种多样,既有室内活动也有室外活动,不同的活动形式使得区域活动呈现出多样性,不同的活动材料锻炼着幼儿不同方面的机能,能给幼儿带来多方面的发展。

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