浅谈无锡方言“食用”语义场中的古语遗存——以“吃”、“喝”为例

论文总字数：31585字

目 录

摘要及关键词··············································3

英文摘要及关键词··········································4

1综述·····················································5

2“吃（喫）”在无锡方言“食用”语义场中的古语遗存··········5

2.1“吃（喫）”的古今义项及无锡方言中的古义与用法保留······················5

2.1.1古代汉语中“吃（喫）”的义项·····································5

2.1.2现代汉语中“吃（喫）”的义项·····································6

2.1.3无锡方言“食用”语义场中的“吃（喫）”对古语义项与用法的保留·····7

2.2“吃（喫）”在汉语“食用”语义场中的历时发展····························7

2.2.1先秦至西汉······················································8

2.2.2东汉至隋························································8

2.2.3唐及五代························································9

2.2.4宋及宋以后·····················································10

3“喝（呷）”在无锡方言“食用”语义场中的古语遗存·········13

3.1“喝”的无锡方言本字为“呷”···········································13

3.1.1汉语字典释义···················································13

3.1.2方言词典中的整理···············································14

3.1.3翁寿元的《无锡方言本字考》······································15

3.2“呷”与“喝”在汉语“食用”语义场中的历时发展························16

3.2.1“呷”在汉语“食用”语义场中的历时发展··························16

3.2.2“喝”在汉语“食用”语义场中的历时发展··························16

3.2.2.1先秦至元·················································17

3.2.2.2明及明以后···············································17

3.3无锡方言“食用”语义场中的“呷”的古语遗存特点·······················18

4无锡方言“食用”语义场中主要用词的具体用法·············19

4.1“吃”[tɕʻiəˀ⁵] ·························································19

4.1.1“食用”语义场中的“吃”的词法搭配······························19

4.1.1.1“吃”带宾语··············································20

4.1.1.2“吃”不带宾语············································22

4.1.1.3“吃”带补语··············································22

4.1.1.4“吃”带时体助词··········································22

4.1.1.5“吃”的重叠使用··········································22

4.1.2无锡方言中“吃”的其他义项······································23

4.1.2.1“受，挨”义··············································23

4.1.2.2“耗费”义················································23

4.1.2.3“消灭”义················································23

4.2其他常用词····························································23

4.2.1“呷”[haˀ⁵] ·····················································24

4.2.2“渳”[mi⁵⁵] ·····················································24

4.2.3“呼”[hu⁵⁵] ·····················································24

4.2.4“朱_音”[tʂu⁵⁵] ····················································25

4.2.5“抿_音”[min²³²] ··················································25

4.2.6“齦”[gən²³²] ···················································25

4.2.7“牙”[ŋa¹³] ·····················································25

4.2.8“嗒”[taˀ⁵] ······················································26

4.2.9“喧”[ɕyø⁵³] ····················································26

5无锡方言“食用”语义场中主要用词的使用现状及未来预期····27

6结语····················································28

参考文献··················································28

致谢·····················································30

浅谈无锡方言“食用”语义场中的古语遗存

——以“吃”、“喝”为例

陈旖

，China

Abstract：Located near Taihu Lake, Wuxi City’s dialect belongs to the Taihu Branch of Wu dialect. It is the mainstream and the core of the Wu Dialect, which retains a large number of ancient Chinese phonology, morphology, etc. The semantic field of have in modern Chinese includes eating, drinking, sucking and so on, while in the semantic field of Wuxi dialect, eating is the dominant meaning, who basically covers the meaning and usage of the above words, at the same time, the word drinking is different from the standard words in modern Chinese language, and there are other words that show the features of Wuxi dialect. Based on the detailed analysis of the major terms in the semantic field of have, such as the comparison of ancient and modern meanings and diachronic development, its specific usage in the dialect is discussed, in order to show the archaism remains in semantic field of have in Wuxi dialect and its inheritance of ancient Chinese.

Key words：eating; drinking; Wuxi dialect

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